Enlightenment and Government

Which movement greatly influenced the Founders of the United States?

• The Renaissance

• The Enlightenment

• The Industrial Revolution

• The Reformation

What was the Enlightenment primarily based on?

• Following tradition

• Applying human reason and scientific thinking

• Religious beliefs

• Military conquest

Who were two of the most important Enlightenment thinkers mentioned in the text?

• John Locke and Montesquieu

• Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Voltaire and Immanuel Kant

• David Hume and Adam Smith

According to John Locke, what are the natural rights that individuals enjoy?

• Right to vote, right to education, right to work

• Right to life, liberty, and property

• Right to free speech, right to privacy, right to travel

• Right to health care, right to housing, right to employment

What does John Locke believe about the government's right to take away natural rights?

• The government has the right to take away natural rights

• No government has the right to take away natural rights

• Only a democratic government can take away natural rights

• Only a monarch can take away natural rights

What is the purpose of a social contract according to John Locke?

• To form a community to protect themselves and their individual rights

• To establish a monarchy

• To create a system of taxation

• To enforce religious laws

What did Montesquieu believe about the powers of government?

• They should be concentrated in one branch

• They should be separated among three branches

• They should be given to the military

• They should be controlled by the church

Which branch of government has the power to make laws according to Montesquieu?

• Executive branch

• Judicial branch

• Legislative branch

• Military branch

Which branch of government has the power to carry out and enforce the laws according to Montesquieu?

• Executive branch

• Judicial branch

• Legislative branch

• Military branch

Which branch of government has the power to interpret and apply the law to particular cases according to Montesquieu?

• Executive branch

• Judicial branch

• Legislative branch

• Military branch