Define the sensory receptor

receiving end of a sensory neuron

define receptor potential

a signal produced by the sensory receptor

define sensory transduction

energy in a stimulus is (chemical, physical, heat) is changed into an electric response that involves the opening/closing of membrane ion channels

define depolarization

membrane resting potential becomes less negative/more polarized

define action potential

conduction of a signal by axons

define the trigger zone

when action potential is iniated at the junction of the axon hillock and initial segment

The action potential is generated when...

voltage-gated sodium channels open in sufficient numbers

what channels tend to open more slowly? when ? what do they contribute?

potassium channels open slowly when the sodium channels close contributing to repolarization

define hyperpolarization

when the membrane potential undershoots and becomes more negative than resting

what are the units for velocity?

distance per time, meters/second

the term frequency refers to

the number of action potentials per second

number of millivolts needed to reach threshold

the potential in millivolts when a neuron is at rest

the potential in millivolts at the peak of the action potential

the conduction velocity is calculated by knowing... (2 things)

the distance the action potential travels and the amount of time it takes

a special wrapping of the membrane from glial cells around the axons

what two things affect axonal conduction velocity?

diameter of axon and the amount of myelination

which of the following describes A fiber? (touch)

large diameter; heavily myelinated (10m/sec)

medium diameter, lightly myelinated

which of the following describes a C fiber? (pain)

small diameter, unmyelinated (0.2m/sec)

large diameter; heavily myelinated (10m/sec)

medium diameter, lightly myelinated

neurotransmitters are

extracellular signal molecules that act on local targets as paracrine agents, autocrine agents, endocrine agents

sensory neurons respond to an appropriate sensory stimulus with a change in membrane potential that is

graded with the stimulus intensity

a;lways large and suprathreshold

interneurons respond to an appropriate sensory stimulus with a change in membrane potential that is

graded with the stimulus intensity

a;lways large and suprathreshold

if the depolarization that reaches the axon is large and suprathreshold, the result in the axon is

action potentials at higher frequency

a larger-than-normal action potential

LABLECTURE gradient ( temp, concentration, pressure)

increase/decrease in the magnitude of a property

LAB LECTURE membrane in potential

difference in charge (voltage) across a membrane

1 = sitmulus, 2 = depolar, 3 = repolar, 4= hyperpolar, 5 = resting state

lab lecture what is the purpose of the sodium-potassium ATPase PUMP ( 2 things)

1) resetting membrane 2) pumps against to reset gradient

lab lecture tetrodotoxin and lidocaine are and do what...

are toxins that block sodium-gated ion channels

BIO 251 Lab quiz 2 Quiz

56 questions

Show all answers

150mM

5mM

0mM

15mM

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BIO 251 Lab quiz 2

______,______and ______ refer to changed in the membrane potential from its resting level

____ is a potential difference between the inside of the cell (IC) and the outside of the cell (EC) across the membrane.

Being the most important ions, intracellularly, Na+ is always ____ (low/high) and k+ is always _____ (low/hight)

what is the approximate concentration of K+ inside a typical cell (intracellular concentration)

what is the approximate concentration of Na+ inside a typical cell (intracellular concentration)

what is the approximate concentration of Na+ outside typical cell (extracellular concentration)

what is the approximate concentration of K+ outside a typical cell (extracellular concentration)

Define the sensory receptor

define receptor potential

define sensory transduction

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,and __ refer to changed in the membrane potential from its resting level

Being the most important ions, intracellularly, Na+ is always (low/high) and k+ is always _ (low/hight)