chapter 4 chemistry

states that all matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms, where atoms of the same element are identical, atoms of different elements have different properties, and atoms combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds; essentially, atoms cannot be created or destroyed during chemical reactions, only rearranged

• Atom

• Daltons’ atomic theory

• Isotope

• Electron

is the smallest unit of an element, consisting of a central nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons, and considered the basic building block of matter in chemistry, also spherically shaped

• Isotope

• Mass number

• Atom

• Atomic mass

A negatively charged fast moving particle within an extremely small mass that is found in all forms of matter and moves through the empty space surrounding atoms nucleus

• Electron

• Proton

• Neutron

• Isotope

An extremely small positively charged dense center of an atom that consist of positively charged protons and neutrons

• Electron

• Proton

• Neutron

• Nucleus

A subatomic particle in the Atoms nucleus that has a positive positive charge of +1

• Proton

• Neutron

• Electron

• Atomic mass

A neutral subatomic particle in an atoms nucleus that has a mass nearly equal to that for a proton

• Protron

• Neutron

• Electron

• Atomic mass unit

The number of protons in an atom

• Isotope

• Mass number

• Atomic number

• Atomic mass

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

• Isotope

• Atomic mass

• Mass number

• Atomic number

The number after an element representing the sum of its protons and neutrons

• Isotope

• Mass number

• Atomic mass unit (amu)

• Atomic mass

defined as one-twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12 (¹²C).

• Atomic mass

• Atomic mass unit (amu)

• Mass number

• Isotope