Understanding the Respiratory System

Within the lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs between the ___ and the capillaries. 

• trachea 

• bronchi 

• alveoli

• diaphragm

What is the primary site of gas exchange in the human respiratory system?

• Trachea

• Bronchi

• Alveoli

• Larynx

Which of the following best describes the role of the diaphragm in respiration?

• It filters air entering the lungs.

• It contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation.

• It produces mucus to trap dust particles.

• It transports oxygen in the blood.

How is oxygen primarily transported in the blood?

• Dissolved in plasma

• Bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells

• As bicarbonate ions

• Attached to white blood cells

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for regulating breathing?

• Cerebellum

• Medulla oblongata

• Hypothalamus

• Cerebrum

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli compared to the blood in the pulmonary capillaries?

• Higher in the alveoli

• Lower in the alveoli

• Equal in both

• Higher in the blood

During inhalation, the diaphragm:

• Relaxes and moves upward

• Contracts and moves downward

• Relaxes and moves downward

• Contracts and moves upward

What is the main function of hemoglobin in the respiratory system?

• To transport carbon dioxide

• To transport oxygen

• To produce red blood cells

• To filter air

Which of the following mechanisms is involved in the exchange of gases in the alveoli?

• Active transport

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Filtration

What triggers the medulla oblongata to increase the rate of breathing?

• High oxygen levels in the blood

• Low carbon dioxide levels in the blood

• High carbon dioxide levels in the blood

• Low nitrogen levels in the blood