What was the Eastern Roman Empire also known as?

• the Persian Empire

• the Ottoman Empire

• the Byzantine Empire

• the Holy Roman Empire

The Hagia Sophia, an architectural marvel, served as a (a)   in Constantinople.

• a Roman Colosseum
• a palace for Justinian
• a church in Constantinople
• a grand library in Constantinople

What is Justinian best known for?

• his code of Roman law

• his conquests in Scandinavia

• his alliance with the Mongol Empire

• his discovery of new trade routes to Asia

Which city served as the capital of the Byzantine Empire and was known as a significant cultural, political, and economic hub?

• Rome

• Athens

• Alexandria

• Constantinople

Why did the fall of Constantinople in 1453 have significant effects on Europe?

• It marked the beginning of the Byzantine Empire.

• It led to the immediate rise of the Roman Empire.

• It resulted in the decline of trade throughout the world.

• It meant the loss of a major Christian city and a shift in trade routes.

Why was Constantinople's location vital for trade during the Middle Ages?

• It had no access to waterways.

• It was at the crossroads of Europe and Asia.

• It was surrounded by impassable mountains.

• It was isolated from all major trade routes.

How did Constantinople's location between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea benefit the city?

• It made the city too cold for invaders.

• It enabled the city to control vital trade routes.

• It allowed the city to build a vast desert trading network.

• It led to the city being frequently abandoned due to flooding.

What role did Constantinople's geography play in its cultural and economic importance?

• Its deserts made it a hub for caravan trade.

• Its mountains isolated it, keeping it culturally pure and unique to the area.

• Its vast grasslands made it the agricultural center of Europe.

• Its location at the crossroads of continents made it a melting pot of ideas.

Which of the following best describes Constantinople's role in European culture during the Byzantine Empire?

• It ignored European traditions.

• It served as a barrier against Asian influences.

• It focused only on adopting Middle Eastern cultures.

• It acted as a bridge between Greco-Roman traditions and other cultures.

The preservation of which ancient culture was especially prominent in Constantinople during the Middle Ages?

• Egyptian

• Indus Valley

• Greco-Roman

• Mesopotamian