What issue is commonly associated with the software crisis? 

软件危机通常与什么问题相关？

•  Overestimation of deadlines 

    过高估计最后期限 

•  Difficulty in maintaining software quality 

    难以维护软件质量 

•  Overly simple documentation 

    过于简单的文档 

• Reduced cost compared to hardware 

    相比硬件降低了成本 

What does software engineering emphasize the most? 

软件工程最强调什么？

• Writing code faster 

    更快地编写代码 

•  Focus on quality 

    关注质量 

•  Reducing team collaboration 

    减少团队合作 

•  Ignoring user feedback 

    忽略用户反馈 

Software is considered an inherently complex system because: 

软件被认为是一个本质上复杂的系统，因为：

•  It is visible 

    它是可见的 

•  It never requires updates 

    它永远不需要更新 

• It is abstract, changeable, and invisible

    它是抽象的、可变的且不可见的 

•  It is tangible 

    它是有形的 

Why is software development compared to both art and engineering? 

为什么将软件开发比作艺术和工程的结合？

•  It requires no creativity 

    它不需要创造力 

• It blends creativity with structured engineering principles 

    它将创造性与结构化的工程原则相结合 

•  It involves only artistic skills 

    它只涉及艺术技能 

• It has no rules 

    它没有规则 

What is one challenge in developing large, complex software systems? 

开发大型复杂软件系统的一个挑战是什么？

• Techniques used in small projects may not be effective 

    小项目中使用的技术可能无效 

• They are always completed faster than expected 

    它们总是比预期完成得快 

•  The hardware cost is higher 

    硬件成本较高 

•  There are no unexpected problems 

    没有意外问题 

Which of the following is NOT a principle of Software Engineering? 

以下哪项不是软件工程的原则？

• Achieve the required software functionality 

    实现所需的软件功能 

• Ignore software performance 

    忽略软件性能 

• Develop highquality software 

    开发高质量的软件 

• Lower maintenance costs 

    降低维护成本 

What is one of the key objectives of Software Engineering? 

软件工程的关键目标之一是什么？

•  Reduce development costs 

    降低开发成本 

• Increase complexity of the software 

    增加软件的复杂性 

• Eliminate collaboration 

    消除合作 

•  Decrease automation 

    减少自动化 

Why is it difficult to control software development risks? 

为什么难以控制软件开发的风险？

•  Risks never occur 

    风险从未发生 

•  Market changes rapidly 

    市场变化迅速 

• Software never evolves 

    软件从不进化 

•  Development methods are too predictable 

    开发方法过于可预测 

What is a common reason for software project failures? 

软件项目失败的常见原因是什么？

•  Inadequate project management 

    项目管理不当 

•  Excessive documentation 

    过多的文档 

•  Too much user involvement 

    过多的用户参与 

•  Overestimation of resources 

    过高估计资源 

What is a common misconception about software maintenance? 

关于软件维护的常见误解是什么？

•  It is unnecessary 

    它是不必要的 

•  It is the least costly phase 

    它是成本最低的阶段 

•  It is only about fixing bugs 

    它只是修复错误 

•  It requires no planning 

    它不需要计划