Understanding Nutrition and Vitamins

Which of the following combinations of vitamins and minerals is antagonistic, meaning they inhibit each other's absorption?

• Calcium and Vitamin D

• Iron and Calcium

• Magnesium and Vitamin B6

• Zinc and Vitamin C

Answer explanation

Iron and Calcium inhibit each other's absorption in the body. High calcium intake can reduce iron absorption, making this combination antagonistic, unlike the other options listed.

Which of the following combinations of vitamins and minerals is protagonistic, meaning they enhance each other's absorption?

• Vitamin C and Iron

• Vitamin D and Iron

• Vitamin B12 and Calcium

• Vitamin A and Zinc

Answer explanation

Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron from plant sources, making the combination of Vitamin C and Iron synergistic. This is why Vitamin C and Iron is the correct answer.

Which of the following vitamins is fat-soluble?

• Vitamin C

• Vitamin B12

• Vitamin D

• Vitamin B6

Answer explanation

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, meaning it dissolves in fats and oils. In contrast, Vitamin C, B12, and B6 are water-soluble vitamins, which do not store in the body the same way as fat-soluble vitamins.

Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble?

• Vitamin A

• Vitamin E

• Vitamin K

• Vitamin C

Answer explanation

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, meaning it dissolves in water and is not stored in the body. In contrast, Vitamins A, E, and K are fat-soluble, requiring fat for absorption.

Which mineral is essential for the absorption of Vitamin B12?

• Calcium

• Magnesium

• Iron

• Zinc

Answer explanation

Zinc is essential for the absorption of Vitamin B12 as it plays a crucial role in the function of the proteins that transport B12 in the body. Without adequate zinc, B12 absorption can be impaired.

Which meal choice is best for increasing iron absorption?

• Spinach salad with lemon dressing

• Milk and cereal

• Cheese sandwich

• Yoghurt with honey

Answer explanation

The spinach salad with lemon dressing is best for increasing iron absorption because vitamin C from lemon enhances the absorption of non-heme iron found in spinach, making it more effective than the other options.

Which vitamin is known to enhance the absorption of calcium?

• Vitamin C

• Vitamin D

• Vitamin E

• Vitamin K

Answer explanation

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption in the intestines, helping to maintain bone health. Without sufficient vitamin D, the body cannot effectively absorb calcium, making it crucial for bone strength.

Which of the following is a good source of Vitamin B12?

• Oranges

• Spinach

• Beef liver

• Almonds

Answer explanation

Beef liver is an excellent source of Vitamin B12, essential for nerve function and the production of DNA and red blood cells. In contrast, oranges, spinach, and almonds do not provide significant amounts of this vitamin.

Which mineral is crucial for the function of the thyroid gland?

• Iron

• Iodine

• Calcium

• Magnesium

Answer explanation

Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism. Without sufficient iodine, the thyroid gland cannot function properly, leading to disorders such as goiter and hypothyroidism.

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

• Vitamin B1

• Vitamin C

• Vitamin E

• Vitamin B3

Answer explanation

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin, essential for various bodily functions, including acting as an antioxidant. In contrast, Vitamins B1, B3, and C are water-soluble and do not dissolve in fats.