Exploring the Skeletal System

What are the four main types of bones in the human body?

• triangular bones

• circular bones

• hexagonal bones

• long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones

Describe the primary function of long bones.

• To produce red blood cells

• To store fat and minerals

• To protect the brain and spinal cord

• The primary function of long bones is to support weight and facilitate movement.

What type of bone is primarily responsible for weight-bearing?

• Cartilaginous bone

• Trabecular bone

• Sesamoid bone

• Cortical bone

Explain the role of flat bones in the body.

• Flat bones are the main source of energy storage in the body.

• Flat bones are primarily responsible for hormone production.

• Flat bones are only found in the limbs and do not protect organs.

• Flat bones protect vital organs, provide muscle attachment surfaces, and are involved in blood cell production.

What is the composition of bone tissue?

• Bone tissue is primarily composed of nerve cells and lymphatic tissue.

• Bone tissue consists of only cartilage and blood vessels.

• Bone tissue is made up of muscle fibers and fat cells.

• Bone tissue is composed of collagen fibers, hydroxyapatite, and bone cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts).

Identify the main types of cells found in bone tissue.

• Adipocytes

• Fibroblasts

• Chondrocytes

• Osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts

What is the function of osteoblasts?

• Osteoblasts transport oxygen in the blood.

• Osteoblasts break down old bone tissue.

• The function of osteoblasts is to produce new bone tissue.

• Osteoblasts are responsible for muscle contraction.

How do osteoclasts contribute to bone health?

• Osteoclasts store calcium and phosphorus in the bone matrix.

• Osteoclasts contribute to bone health by breaking down old or damaged bone tissue, allowing for remodeling and repair.

• Osteoclasts build new bone tissue to strengthen bones.

• Osteoclasts produce hormones that promote bone growth.

Describe the process of endochondral ossification.

• Endochondral ossification is the process of bone formation from a cartilage model.

• Endochondral ossification is the direct transformation of fat into bone.

• Endochondral ossification occurs only in the skull and facial bones.

• Endochondral ossification is the process of muscle formation from a bone model.

What factors influence bone growth during development?

• Climate and weather

• Color and texture

• Age and gender

• Genetics, nutrition, hormones, physical activity, and mechanical stress.