Exploring Matter: Properties and Changes

Which of the following is a physical property of matter?

• Flammability

• Density

• Reactivity with acid

• Ability to rust

Answer explanation

Density is a physical property of matter, describing how much mass is contained in a given volume. In contrast, flammability, reactivity with acid, and ability to rust are chemical properties, indicating how substances interact with other materials.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

What is a chemical property of a substance?

• Melting point

• Boiling point

• Reactivity with oxygen

• Color

Answer explanation

A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. Reactivity with oxygen indicates how a substance will chemically interact with oxygen, making it a chemical property, unlike physical properties like melting point or color.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following best describes a physical change?

• Burning wood

• Rusting iron

• Melting ice

• Baking a cake

Answer explanation

Melting ice is a physical change because it involves a change in state from solid to liquid without altering the chemical composition. In contrast, burning wood, rusting iron, and baking a cake involve chemical changes.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

Identify the chemical change from the following examples.

• Dissolving sugar in water

• Freezing water into ice

• Digesting food

• Cutting paper

Answer explanation

Digesting food is a chemical change because it involves breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones, altering their chemical structure. In contrast, the other options are physical changes.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following statements correctly differentiates between physical and chemical properties?

• Physical properties can only be observed during a chemical reaction.

• Chemical properties can be observed without changing the substance's identity.

• Physical properties can be observed without changing the substance's identity.

• Chemical properties are the same as physical properties.

Answer explanation

Physical properties can be observed without changing the substance's identity, such as color or boiling point. In contrast, chemical properties involve a change in identity during a reaction.

Tags

DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following is an example of a physical property?

• Ability to tarnish

• Solubility

• Combustibility

• Reactivity with water

Answer explanation

Solubility is a physical property as it describes how a substance dissolves in a solvent. In contrast, the ability to tarnish, combustibility, and reactivity with water are chemical properties, indicating changes in composition.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

Which process is an example of a chemical change?

• Evaporation of water

• Sublimation of dry ice

• Fermentation of grapes

• Condensation of steam

Answer explanation

Fermentation of grapes is a chemical change because it involves the transformation of sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the action of yeast, altering the chemical composition. The other processes are physical changes.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

What is the main difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

• Physical changes alter the chemical composition of a substance.

• Chemical changes do not alter the chemical composition of a substance.

• Physical changes do not alter the chemical composition of a substance.

• Chemical changes are reversible.

Answer explanation

The correct choice states that physical changes do not alter the chemical composition of a substance, meaning the substance remains the same at a molecular level, unlike chemical changes which do alter it.

Tags

DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following is a chemical property?

• Hardness

• Odor

• Reactivity with acid

• Texture

Answer explanation

Reactivity with acid is a chemical property because it describes how a substance interacts with acids, leading to a chemical change. In contrast, hardness, odor, and texture are physical properties.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

• Burning gasoline

• Rusting of iron

• Dissolving salt in water

• Cooking an egg

Answer explanation

Dissolving salt in water is a physical change because it involves a change in state without altering the chemical composition of the salt. In contrast, burning gasoline, rusting iron, and cooking an egg involve chemical changes.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall