Unit 1 - Chemistry of Life Study Guide

What elements are found in all biological macromolecules?

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Phosphorus

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Sulfur

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Calcium

What macromolecule is this structure?

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins

Identify the monomers for each of the macromolecules.

• Amino acids for proteins, nucleotides for nucleic acids, monosaccharides for carbohydrates, and fatty acids for lipids

• Proteins for amino acids, nucleic acids for nucleotides, carbohydrates for monosaccharides, and lipids for fatty acids

• Amino acids for nucleic acids, nucleotides for proteins, monosaccharides for lipids, and fatty acids for carbohydrates

• Nucleotides for proteins, amino acids for carbohydrates, fatty acids for nucleic acids, and monosaccharides for lipids

Which of the following is a function of macromolecules?

• Energy storage

• Genetic information storage

• Catalyzing biochemical reactions

• All of the above

Identify the characteristics for each of the macromolecules.

• Carbohydrates: Energy storage and structure

• Proteins: Catalysis and support

• Lipids: Membrane structure and energy storage

• Nucleic Acids: Genetic information storage

What are the parts to the following molecule?

• Part A, Part B, Part C

• Part X, Part Y, Part Z

• Part 1, Part 2, Part 3

• Part Alpha, Part Beta, Part Gamma

What is an enzyme?

• A type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions

• A type of carbohydrate that stores energy

• A type of lipid that forms cell membranes

• A type of nucleic acid that stores genetic information

When enzymes are not at a stable pH or temperature, what happens to their reaction rate?

• The reaction rate increases significantly.

• The reaction rate decreases or stops.

• The reaction rate remains unchanged.

• The reaction rate becomes unpredictable.

What is the optimum pH for the action of intestinal protease?

• 8

• 5

• 7

• 9

What do enzymes do in the human body?

• They provide energy to cells.

• They act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

• They store genetic information.

• They transport oxygen in the blood.