What did scientists believe about volcanoes a few hundred years ago?

• They were burning mountains of fire.

• They were openings to the Earth's interior.

• They were sources of geothermal energy.

• They were formed by tectonic plates.

Where are nearly 90% of the world's active volcanoes located?

• In the Ring of Fire

• In the Atlantic Ocean

• In the Indian Ocean

• In the Mediterranean Sea

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What causes the Earth's crust to melt and form magma?

• Ocean currents

• Solar radiation

• Friction from shifting tectonic plates

• Erosion

What is the difference between runny lava and thick sticky lava?

• Runny lava is found in composite volcanoes, while thick lava is found in shield volcanoes.

• Runny lava forms steep slopes, while thick lava forms gentle slopes.

• Runny lava flows quickly, while thick lava flows slowly.

• Runny lava is cooler, while thick lava is hotter.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What type of volcano is Kilauea?

• Composite volcano

• Cinder cone volcano

• Shield volcano

• Stratovolcano

Since when has Kilauea been erupting continuously?

• 1973

• 2003

• 1983

• 1993

What catastrophic event occurred in Pompeii in 79 AD?

• An earthquake

• A tsunami

• A volcanic eruption

• A hurricane

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What is a pyroclastic flow?

• A deadly combination of superheated ash, gas, and rocks

• A type of volcanic rock

• A type of earthquake

• A slow-moving lava flow

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What percentage of the Earth's surface was created by volcanoes?

• 50%

• 60%

• 70%

• 80%

How do volcanoes benefit agriculture?

• By creating new land

• By creating rich soil for farming

• By forming mountains

• By providing geothermal energy

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-3