Exploring the Enlightenment: The Age of Reason

The Enlightenment, or Age of Reason, was a pivotal era in Western history, emphasizing reason and scientific thought. Key figures like Francis Bacon and Renee Descartes laid the groundwork for the scientific method. Isaac Newton's groundbreaking work in physics and mathematics further propelled scientific understanding. The period also saw advancements in biology, with the development of taxonomy by Carl Linnaeus. Philosophers like John Locke and Voltaire championed ideas of human rights and democracy, influencing political revolutions in America and France.

What is another name for the Enlightenment?

• The Age of Empires

• The Age of Exploration

• The Age of Reason

• The Age of Darkness

Who are considered the fathers of the Enlightenment?

• Voltaire and Montesquieu

• Francis Bacon and René Descartes

• Isaac Newton and John Locke

• Galileo Galilei and Anton van Leeuwenhoek

What did René Descartes compare the universe to?

• A giant machine

• A perfect clock

• A living organism

• A vast ocean

Which new branch of mathematics did Isaac Newton develop?

• Algebra

• Geometry

• Calculus

• Trigonometry

What scientific tool did Anton van Leeuwenhoek use to make detailed observations?

• Thermometer

• Barometer

• Microscope

• Telescope

Who is known for developing a logical method for classifying living things?

• Robert Hooke

• Isaac Newton

• William Harvey

• Carl Linnaeus

What did John Locke believe about the power of government?

• It should be absolute

• It should come from the consent of the governed

• It should be inherited

• It should be divinely ordained

Which philosopher championed the idea of freedom of speech?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Francis Bacon

What did Montesquieu advocate for in government?

• A single ruler

• Economic equality

• Religious control

• Complete separation of powers

What did Enlightenment philosophers generally believe about the relationship between government and religion?

• They should be completely separate

• They should be closely linked

• Religion should control the government

• Government should control religion