Exploring Ionization Energy Trends and Exceptions

What is ionization energy?

• The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom

• The energy required to add an electron to a gaseous atom

• The energy released when an electron is added to a gaseous atom

• The energy released when an electron is removed from a gaseous atom

What is the first ionization energy of silicon?

• 3220 kJ/mol

• 1575 kJ/mol

• 4350 kJ/mol

• 780 kJ/mol

As the charge of a gaseous ion increases, what happens to the ionization energy?

• It remains the same

• It decreases

• It fluctuates

• It increases

Which factor does NOT affect ionization energy?

• Atomic mass

• Nuclear charge

• Distance from the nucleus

• Shielding effect

Why is the ionization energy of sodium lower than that of lithium?

• Sodium has fewer protons

• Sodium has a higher nuclear charge

• Sodium has more shielding and a larger atomic radius

• Sodium is in a higher energy level

Which element has a higher first ionization energy, phosphorus or sulfur?

• Sulfur

• Phosphorus

• Both have the same ionization energy

• It depends on the isotope

Why does the ionization energy decrease from magnesium to aluminum?

• Magnesium has a higher nuclear charge

• Aluminum has a 3p electron which is further from the nucleus

• Magnesium has more shielding

• Aluminum has fewer protons

Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

• Silicon

• Iron

• Barium

• Helium

Which ion has a higher ionization energy, Al^2+ or Al^3+?

• Al^2+

• Both have the same ionization energy

• Al^3+

• It depends on the temperature

If an element has a large jump in ionization energy after the third electron is removed, how many valence electrons does it likely have?

• 4

• 1

• 2

• 3