In 1947, the British announced they could no longer support pro-Western governments in the Mediterranean against communism, prompting the US to step in with the Truman Doctrine. This marked a shift in US foreign policy, aiming to support free nations against subjugation. Secretary of State George Marshall observed Europe's devastation post-WWII and proposed the Marshall Plan, a massive economic aid program to prevent the spread of communism. Despite initial costs, the plan was seen as an investment in peace. It successfully revitalized Western Europe, curbed communism, and established the US as a dominant economic power, contributing to the Cold War's first major confrontation.

What year did the British announce their inability to support Mediterranean governments against communism?

• 1945

• 1946

• 1948

• 1947

Which two countries were the focus of the Truman Doctrine's initial aid?

• Italy and France

• Greece and Turkey

• Germany and Austria

• Spain and Portugal

What was the primary goal of the Marshall Plan?

• To establish military bases in Europe

• To promote U.S. cultural values

• To provide economic assistance for European recovery

• To create a new market for American goods

How did European countries react to the Marshall Plan proposal?

• With indifference

• With immediate rejection

• With skepticism

• With quick and positive feedback

Which countries refused to participate in drafting the Marshall Plan?

• Italy and Greece

• United Kingdom and France

• Spain and Portugal

• Soviet Union and its satellites

What was the estimated cost of the Marshall Plan?

• Up to $10 billion

• Up to $20 billion

• Up to $17 billion

• Up to $13 billion

What event helped galvanize support for the Marshall Plan on Capitol Hill?

• The Korean War outbreak

• Communist-inspired riots in Czechoslovakia

• The signing of NATO

• The Berlin Airlift

What industries did the Marshall Plan aid support?

• Fishing, automotive, construction, and coal

• Technology and healthcare

• Agriculture and education

• Banking and finance

What was a major outcome of the Marshall Plan?

• It led to the creation of the European Union

• It established the U.S. as the world's dominant economic superpower

• It resulted in the end of the Cold War

• It caused a split within NATO

How did the Marshall Plan contribute to the Cold War?

• By creating a trade embargo against the Soviet Union

• By directly engaging in military conflict

• By providing economic aid to support recovery and resist communism

• By establishing American colonies in Europe