Exploring Mendelian Genetics Concepts

The video tutorial introduces Mendelian genetics, explaining the basics of heredity, chromosomes, and alleles. It covers Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants, leading to the formulation of the laws of inheritance: dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. The tutorial demonstrates the use of Punnett squares to predict genetic outcomes and explores advanced genetic probability for multiple genes.

What type of cells in the human body are diploid and contain two copies of each chromosome?

• Gametes

• Zygotes

• Somatic cells

• Alleles

Who is known as the father of genetics?

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

What does the Law of Dominance state?

• Alleles separate during meiosis

• Traits are inherited independently

• Dominant alleles mask the expression of recessive alleles

• Recessive alleles will always be expressed

What does a homozygous genotype mean?

• Having mutated alleles

• Having no alleles for a trait

• Having two identical alleles for a trait

• Having two different alleles for a trait

Which of the following is NOT a law formulated by Gregor Mendel?

• Law of Mutation

• Law of Independent Assortment

• Law of Segregation

• Law of Dominance

What is the purpose of a Punnett square in genetics?

• To predict the weather

• To calculate the speed of genetic mutations

• To predict the possible genetic outcomes from parental crosses

• To measure the physical characteristics of an organism

In a dihybrid cross, what does a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio represent?

• The ratio of possible phenotypes in the offspring

• The ratio of mutated genes

• The ratio of dominant to recessive traits

• The ratio of male to female offspring

What does the Law of Independent Assortment explain?

• That all alleles are dominant

• How alleles separate during meiosis

• How traits are passed from parents to offspring

• That genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes

How can the probability of inheriting specific genotypes be calculated using Punnett squares?

• By adding the probabilities of each genotype

• By observing physical traits

• By multiplying the probabilities of each genotype

• By subtracting the probabilities of each genotype

What is the probability of Erica and Carlos having a child who is heterozygous for all three genes?

• 1/2

• 1/4

• 1/8

• 1/16