Exploring Solutions and Solution Formation

This lecture covers the basics of solutions, including the concepts of solute and solvent, the dissolving process, and solubility. It explains how solutions form, the role of solvation, and the difference between soluble and insoluble substances. The lecture also introduces electrolytes, their ability to conduct electricity, and how to determine if a substance is an electrolyte.

What is the definition of a solution?

• A mixture of two or more substances in a single phase

• A single substance in a solid phase

• A chemical reaction between two substances

• A mixture of two or more substances in different phases

Which substance is considered the solute in a sugar water solution?

• Water

• Sugar

• Salt

• Carbon dioxide

What does it mean if a substance is soluble?

• It is a solid at room temperature

• It cannot dissolve in any solvent

• It can dissolve in water

• It reacts chemically with water

Which of the following is insoluble in water?

• Vinegar

• Salt

• Calcium carbonate

• Sugar

During the dissolving process, what happens to solute particles?

• They react chemically with solvent particles

• They are repelled by solvent particles

• They are surrounded and carried off by solvent particles

• They remain intact and do not interact with solvent particles

What is an electrolyte?

• A solid substance that does not dissolve in water

• A substance that, when dissolved in water, forms a solution that can conduct electricity

• A substance that dissolves to form a non-conductive solution

• A substance that cannot conduct electricity

Which of the following is a characteristic of non-electrolytes?

• They dissolve to form ions

• They conduct electricity when dissolved in water

• They do not form ions when dissolved

• They are typically ionic compounds

What determines if a substance is an electrolyte?

• Its molecular structure

• Its ability to dissolve in oil

• Its color when dissolved in water

• Whether it forms ions when dissolved in water

Which of the following household items is likely to be an electrolyte?

• Deionized water

• Salt water

• Sugar water

• Pure water

What is the role of ions in electrolytes?

• They dissolve but do not affect conductivity

• They prevent the solution from conducting electricity

• They carry the electrical charge, allowing the solution to conduct electricity

• They react chemically to produce electricity