Module Four- Theories of Memory

What is classical conditioning primarily responsible for?

• Reflexive behaviors

• Voluntary responses

• Complex reasoning

• Sensory memory

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning?

• A dog salivating at the sound of a bell

• A student receiving praise for good behavior

• Developing a taste aversion to a certain food

• Remembering a phone number

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Identify the process that involves encoding, storing, and retrieving information.

• Classical conditioning

• Operant conditioning

• Human memory

• Taste aversion

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which type of memory is responsible for retaining information for a short period?

• Sensory memory

• Short-term memory

• Long-term memory

• Reflexive memory

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Explain how operant conditioning can be used to shape complex behaviors.

• By pairing an unconditioned stimulus with a conditioned stimulus

• By providing reinforcement for progressively more difficult behaviors

• By encoding, storing, and retrieving information

• By developing phobias and taste aversions

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Describe the difference between positive and negative reinforcement in operant conditioning.

• Positive reinforcement involves punishment, while negative reinforcement involves rewards.

• Positive reinforcement involves giving something, while negative reinforcement involves removing something.

• Positive reinforcement is used for reflexive behaviors, while negative reinforcement is used for voluntary responses.

• Positive reinforcement is more effective than negative reinforcement.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How can classical conditioning be used therapeutically?

• By reinforcing voluntary behaviors with rewards

• By pairing a neutral stimulus with a positive experience to reduce phobias

• By encoding information into long-term memory

• By shaping complex behaviors through punishment

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Analyze the role of sensory memory in the process of human memory.

• It stores information permanently.

• It processes information for immediate use.

• It acts as a buffer for stimuli received through the senses.

• It retrieves information from long-term memory.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Evaluate the effectiveness of using operant conditioning in classroom management.

• It is ineffective because it relies on reflexive behaviors.

• It is effective because it encourages voluntary behaviors through reinforcement.

• It is only effective for short-term memory retention.

• It is ineffective because it does not involve reasoning.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Predict the outcome of using negative reinforcement in a learning environment.

• Students will develop phobias.

• Students will be more likely to repeat the desired behavior.

• Students will forget the information quickly.

• Students will become conditioned to reflexive responses.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking