What northern European artist was one of the first to paint on wood panels with colors mixed in oil? In some of his paintings, he included realistic and symbolic details.

• Jan van Eyck

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Michelangelo

• Raphael

The Book of the Courtier described the proper behavior of nobles at a royal court. What was the name of the courtier who wrote it?

• Baldassare Castiglione

• Niccolò Machiavelli

• Thomas More

• Erasmus

The French scholar who took up the cause of the Reformation and under whose guidance the city of Geneva became a dynamic center of the Protestant faith was:

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• Ulrich Zwingli

• Thomas More

Who was considered the founder of modern political science and explained in his book, The Prince, that rulers ruled by whatever means were necessary?

• Niccolò Machiavelli

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Ignatius of Loyola was a significant historical figure. What was one of his goals?

• To establish a new religious order

• To become a political leader

• To explore new territories

• To write philosophical texts

Isabella d'Este was known for being:

• A famous painter during the Renaissance

• A prominent political leader in Italy

• A patron of the arts and a leading figure of the Italian Renaissance

• A renowned scientist and inventor

Johann Tetzel was a charismatic friar who rode around the German states preaching about and selling what?

• Indulgences

• Relics

• Scriptures

• Holy Water

Who was the early Christian humanist who wrote it?

• Desiderius Erasmus

• Thomas More

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

Desiderius Erasmus - Who wrote The Praise of Folly?

• Desiderius Erasmus

• Thomas More

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

Who criticized the Church for the sale of indulgences?

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• Thomas Aquinas

• Ignatius of Loyola