The video explains the phases of the moon, which are caused by its orbit around Earth and the changing angle of sunlight. It covers the new moon, crescent, quarter, gibbous, and full moon phases, and how these affect the moon's visibility. The concept of earthshine is also introduced, highlighting the moon's beauty and its role in our understanding of celestial mechanics.

What makes the moon appear bright to us?

• It's covered in ice.

• Its surface is naturally bright.

• It reflects sunlight.

• It generates its own light.

What is the line that divides the moon's lit and dark sides called?

• The equator

• The terminator

• The ecliptic

• The horizon

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What does the term 'new moon' signify?

• The moon is closest to the sun.

• The moon is fully illuminated.

• The moon is farthest from the sun.

• The moon is half illuminated.

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What phase follows the new moon?

• Full moon

• Waxing crescent

• First quarter

• Waning gibbous

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How does the moon's appearance change during the waxing crescent phase?

• It shows a thin crescent getting thicker.

• It shows a thin crescent getting thinner.

• It appears fully illuminated.

• It becomes less visible.

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What does 'waxing' mean in terms of the moon's phases?

• Shrinking

• Staying the same

• Growing

• Disappearing

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When is the moon considered to be at the first quarter phase?

• When it's three quarters illuminated.

• When it's fully illuminated.

• When it's not visible from Earth.

• When it's half illuminated, one quarter through its cycle.

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What is the term for when the moon is more than half illuminated but not yet full?

• New moon

• First quarter

• Waxing gibbous

• Waning gibbous

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What does a 'waning' moon phase indicate?

• The illuminated part of the moon is shrinking.

• The moon is becoming new.

• The illuminated part of the moon is growing.

• The moon is getting closer to the sun.

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What causes the phenomenon of earthshine?

• Sunlight reflecting off the Earth onto the moon

• The Earth's atmosphere scattering sunlight

• The moon's surface glowing due to heat

• The sun's reflection off the Earth's oceans

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