Exploring Biological Macromolecules and Their Functions

What is the significance of directionality in DNA synthesis?

• It has no significant impact on DNA synthesis.

• It prevents DNA polymerase from binding to DNA.

• It ensures accurate replication of DNA strands.

• It allows DNA polymerase to add nucleotides randomly.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing RNA molecule?

• RNA polymerase

• DNA ligase

• Primase

• Helicase

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• It replicates DNA molecules.

• It degrades excess proteins.

• It adds amino acids to the polypeptide chain.

• It carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.

How do tRNA molecules contribute to protein synthesis?

• By transporting amino acids to the ribosome

• By forming peptide bonds between amino acids

• By replicating mRNA sequences

• By unwinding the DNA helix

What determines the primary structure of a protein?

• The interaction between different proteins

• The folding pattern of the polypeptide chain

• The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA

• The sequence of sugars in DNA

Which structure is characterized by the folding of the polypeptide chain into alpha helices and beta sheets?

• Primary structure

• Quaternary structure

• Secondary structure

• Tertiary structure

What is the main function of carbohydrates in cells?

• To transport molecules across cell membranes

• To provide structural support and store energy

• To store and transmit genetic information

• To catalyze biochemical reactions

How do glycosidic bonds contribute to the structure of polysaccharides?

• By linking nucleotides together

• By forming peptide bonds between amino acids

• By connecting monosaccharides in a directional manner

• By breaking down fatty acids

What role does cellulose play in plant cells?

• It acts as an energy storage molecule.

• It serves as a signaling molecule.

• It provides rigidity to the cell wall.

• It facilitates cell communication.

Why is the directionality of biological macromolecules crucial for life?

• It prevents the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins.

• It is necessary for the accurate synthesis and function of DNA, RNA, and proteins.

• It ensures the correct folding of proteins.

• It allows for the random assembly of macromolecules.