Exploring Rocks and Energy Transfer

Which process is responsible for the formation of igneous rocks?

• Cooling and solidification of magma or lava

• Compression of plant material

• Weathering of existing rocks

• Accumulation of animal shells

What are the three main types of rocks?

• Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

• Volcanic, oceanic, continental

• Fossil, mineral, crystal

• Sandstone, limestone, granite

Which type of rock is formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments?

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

• Volcanic

What is the process called when dead organisms are preserved as fossils in sedimentary rocks?

• Fossilisation

• Erosion

• Melting

• Crystallisation

Which layer of the Earth is the outermost solid layer?

• Mantle

• Core

• Crust

• Lithosphere

Which of the following is NOT a method of heat transfer?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Reflection

What is the main difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

• Intrusive rocks form below the surface; extrusive rocks form above the surface

• Intrusive rocks are sedimentary; extrusive rocks are metamorphic

• Intrusive rocks contain fossils; extrusive rocks do not

• Intrusive rocks are lighter in colour; extrusive rocks are darker

Which of the following is a type of sedimentary rock?

• Basalt

• Granite

• Limestone

• Marble

What is a cast fossil?

• A fossil formed when minerals fill a mould left by an organism

• A fossil of animal footprints

• A fossil formed by the compression of plant material

• A fossil made from volcanic ash

Which layer of the Earth is directly beneath the crust?

• Inner core

• Outer core

• Mantle

• Lithosphere