Exploring the Branches of Biology

What is the basic unit of life in all living organisms?

• Tissue

• Organ

• Organism

• Cell

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

• Chloroplast

• Ribosome

What is the process by which DNA is copied to RNA called?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Mutation

• Replication

What is the term for different forms of a gene?

• alleles

• genes

• chromosomes

• nucleotides

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

• The primary function of ribosomes is to synthesize proteins.

• To generate energy for cellular processes

• To store genetic information

• To transport nutrients across the cell membrane

What is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics?

• Genetics

• Ecology

• Anatomy

• Biology

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

• Chlorophyll absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

• Chlorophyll converts carbon dioxide into glucose.

• Chlorophyll is responsible for water absorption.

• Chlorophyll releases oxygen during photosynthesis.

What is the term for a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit?

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Predation

• Mutualism

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

• Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus; eukaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

• Prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles; eukaryotic cells do not.

What is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring?

• Evolutionary adaptation

• Genetic mutation

• Species extinction

• Natural selection