BIO-201 Exam 1

A BIO-201 student decides to go on a long run before her first exam to get her nervous jitters out. The student runs down Lope's Way and past Papago Apartments. As the student continues running, she starts sweating and her blood vessels dilate. In this process of feedback, the hypothalamus in her brain acts as what control system?

• Receptor (Sensor)

• Effector

• Glycolysis

• Control Center (Integrator)

Which definition correctly explains positive feedback?

• Positive feedback functions to AMPLIFY a stimulus to push the variable farther (ex: platelets releasing chemical signals to attract more platelets during blood clotting)

• Positive feedback functions to SHUT OFF the original stimulus or reduce its intensity (ex: receptors detect high blood pressure, and signals are sent to the brain to decrease the blood pressure)

In glycolysis, glucose is BROKEN DOWN into 2 pyruvate molecules. Which word describes this metabolic process: CATABOLIC or ANABOLIC?

ATP Synthase is a(n) ______ at the end of the electron transport chain that functions to convert ADP -> ATP.

• medication

• cytosol

• mitochondria

• enzyme

Interactions BETWEEN water molecules is what type of bond?

• nonpolar covalent

• hydrogen

• ionic

• polar covalent

In proteins, hydrogen bonds form helices and sheets. How would a protein be described at this level?

• primary structure

• secondary structure

• 
  tertiary structure

• quaternary structure

this graph represents what type of reaction?

• hydrolysis

• exergonic reaction

• dehydration

• endergonic

In cellular respiration, glucose and O2 are ultimately converted into CO2, H2O, and energy in the form of ATP. In this reaction, ______ is oxidized and _____ is reduced. HINT: electrons stick with HYDROGEN!

• O2 is oxidized,

  glucose is reduced

• H2O is oxidized, CO2 is reduced

• glucose is oxidized,

  O2 is reduced

• CO2 is oxidized, H2O is reduced

Dr. Primack loves working out. Recently, he challenged brave students to a handstand push-up competition. As the students competed with Dr. Primack, their respiratory rates increased and their heart rate increased. After the competition, Dr. Primack noted that his shoulders were burning from a build-up of LACTIC ACID. Lactic acid build-up occurs when there is not sufficient ______ available.

• oxygen
• protein

• carbon dioxide

• carbohydrates

At homeostatic levels, ____ (ion) is present in higher concentration OUTSIDE of the cell and ____ (ion) is present in higher concentration INSIDE of the cell.

(***Bonus to tell Lauren AFTER... what specific transporter pump maintains this?***)

• K+ OUTSIDE

  Na+ INSIDE

• Na+ OUTSIDE

  K+ INSIDE

• Carbon OUTSIDE

  Water INSIDE

• Water OUTSIDE

  Carbon INSIDE