Quiz Enlightenment and Founding Documents

How is the equality of mankind expressed in the US today?

• The Bill of rights gives everyone in the US rights that people from all countries can use

• In the Declaration of Independence states that all men are created equal

• The constitution lists the principle We the People

• The Magna Carta promises the US citizens protections from the president

Answer explanation

The Declaration of Independence asserts that "all men are created equal," highlighting the foundational belief in equality among all individuals in the US, making it the correct expression of mankind's equality today.

What Enlightenment idea is represented by the headline?

• separation of powers

• checks and balances

• social contract

• natural law

Answer explanation

The headline reflects the Enlightenment idea of the social contract, which posits that individuals consent to form a government for mutual protection and benefit, emphasizing the relationship between citizens and their government.

What Enlightenment idea is represented by the image?

• separation of powers

• checks and balances

• social contract

• natural law

Answer explanation

The image represents the idea of checks and balances, which ensures that no single branch of government becomes too powerful. This principle was central to Enlightenment thought, promoting a system where powers are distributed and regulated.

Which principle expressed in the statement influenced the Founding Fathers when they wrote Constitution?

• Separation of Powers

• Social Contract

• Rule of Law

• Natural Law

Answer explanation

The Rule of Law principle emphasizes that laws apply equally to all individuals, which influenced the Founding Fathers to create a government accountable to the law, ensuring no one is above it, a core tenet of the Constitution.

Which idea in the Declaration of Independence did John Locke inspire?

• right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

• right to a speedy trial with a jury of one's peers

• separation of powers

• freedom of speech

Answer explanation

John Locke inspired the idea of the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, which is a fundamental principle in the Declaration of Independence, reflecting his beliefs in natural rights.

According to John Locke, how do people escape the dangers of the state of nature?

• Make an agreement with a government

• Overthrow an oppressive government

• Give up their natural rights to a government

• Avoid creating a government

Answer explanation

According to John Locke, people escape the dangers of the state of nature by overthrowing an oppressive government. This reflects his belief in the right to resist tyranny and establish a government that protects their rights.

JUDGE ROBART STRIKES DOWN PRESIDENT TRUMP'S EXECUTIVE ORDER! This is an example of which idea of Enlightenment?

• natural law

• social contract

• separation of powers

• checks and balances

Answer explanation

The ruling by Judge Robart demonstrates checks and balances, as it shows the judicial branch's power to limit the executive branch's authority, ensuring no single branch exceeds its power.

Which Enlightenment idea would John Locke support?

• Power comes from the consent of the governed.

• Leaders can deny certain rights of the people.

• Equality among men can never be achieved.

• People cannot abolish the government.

Answer explanation

John Locke believed that legitimate government is based on the consent of the governed, emphasizing that power derives from the people's agreement, making this the correct choice.

Which amendment below shows how the USA practices limited government?

• 5th Amendment states the right to a grand jury, forbids “double jeopardy,” and protects against self-incrimination

• 8th Amendment states protection against imposing excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishment

• 10th Amendment states that any powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states or the people

• 2nd Amendment states a well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

Answer explanation

The 10th Amendment exemplifies limited government by reserving powers not granted to the federal government for the states or the people, ensuring that the federal authority is restricted and local governance is upheld.

Which are considered Natural rights that were thought of by John Locke?

• Long live the king

• Life liberty and Property

• Life liberty and Pursuit of Happiness

• Life, Love and Proprietary gains

Answer explanation

John Locke identified natural rights as fundamental to human existence. The correct choice, 'Life, liberty and Property,' reflects his belief in these essential rights, contrasting with other options that do not align with his philosophy.