Pretest-Reading Comprehension-PKM (20/09/24)

Water is important for life. Factories use water to keep machines cool. Farms need water for growing crops. Without water, both people and industries would face problems.

Q: What is the main idea of the passage?

• Water is only needed for farms.

• Water is used in many ways, including for factories.

• Water is mainly used to drink.

• Factories don’t need water.

Paragraph 1: Air pollution is a serious issue in many cities. It can cause health problems for people.
Paragraph 2: Some cities have made changes to reduce air pollution, like limiting cars and creating more parks.

Q: How is Paragraph 2 related to Paragraph 1?

• Paragraph 2 explains ways to solve the problem in Paragraph 1

• Paragraph 2 disagrees with Paragraph 1

• Paragraph 2 describes other types of pollution

• Paragraph 2 repeats Paragraph 1

Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface where hot rock, called magma, escapes. When magma reaches the surface, it becomes lava. Some volcanoes erupt often, while others are inactive for many years.

Q: Which of the following is true about volcanoes, according to the passage?

• Some volcanoes erupt regularly, while others are quiet for a long time.

• Volcanoes erupt once a year.

• All volcanoes are always active.

• Volcanoes erupt only in hot places.

Water evaporates from oceans, lakes, and rivers into the atmosphere. It condenses into clouds and later precipitates back to the Earth as rain. This process sustains ecosystems across the planet.

Q: Which of the following is not stated in the passage?

• Water evaporates from lakes and rivers.

• Clouds release water back to the Earth as rain.

• The water cycle provides clean drinking water.

• The water cycle supports ecosystems.

Penguins are flightless birds that live in cold places like Antarctica. They use their wings to swim through the water. These birds rely on fish as their primary source of food.

Q: The pronoun "They" in line 2 refers to which of the following?

• Places

• Fish

• Birds

• Wings

Many ancient civilizations developed near rivers, which provided water for farming and helped them grow. They became powerful through food production and trade.

Q: It can be inferred from the passage that…

• Civilizations grew quickly without trading goods.

• Water was not important for farming.

• Civilizations near rivers were likely to become powerful.

• Ancient civilizations were weak compared to modern ones.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make food. During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into sugar, which is their food. Chlorophyll, the green pigment in plants, is essential for this process.

Q: What is the meaning of "chlorophyll" in line 3?

• A type of plant

• The green substance in plants

• A plant’s food

• A part of the sun

The Nile River was essential to the development of ancient Egypt. It provided water for farming and transportation, allowing the civilization to thrive.

Q: Where in the passage does it mention the Nile’s role in farming?

• Line 1

• Line 2

• Line 3

• Line 4

Overpopulation is a concern as natural resources become scarce. Many struggle to access water and food. Sustainable solutions are needed to prevent more damage.

Q: What is the tone of the passage?

• Sarcastic

• Impassioned

• Humorous

• Informational

Renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, is important because it doesn’t run out and is better for the environment. Many countries are switching to renewable energy to build a sustainable future.

Q: What is the author’s purpose in this passage?

• To criticize the use of energy

• To explain the benefits of renewable energy

• To discuss the history of renewable energy

• To argue against solar and wind power