plant cell and animal cell

Identify the cell organelle indicated by #4

• vacuole

• chloroplasts

• cell wall

• mitochondria

• Golgi body

Answer explanation

The vacuole is a large organelle in plant cells that stores nutrients and waste products. It helps maintain turgor pressure, which is essential for plant structure, making it the correct answer for the indicated organelle.

Identify the cell organelle indicated by #5

• vacuole

• chloroplasts

• cell wall

• mitochondria

• Golgi body

Answer explanation

The cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells, providing support and protection. It is distinct from other organelles like vacuoles and mitochondria, making it the correct choice for #5.

Identify the cell organelle indicated by #6

• vacuole

• chloroplasts

• cell wall

• mitochondria

• Golgi body

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells, converting sunlight into energy. They contain chlorophyll, which gives plants their green color, distinguishing them from other organelles like vacuoles or mitochondria.

What is the main function of a cell wall?

• convert sunlight to sugars

• to protect and provide support

• to transport materials out of the cell

• to store water and waste for later use

Answer explanation

The main function of a cell wall is to protect and provide support to the cell. It gives structure and rigidity, helping maintain the cell's shape, which is essential for plant cells and some bacteria.

The __________________ is the liquid or jelly-like substance in which the cell organelles are suspended.

• cytoplasm

• ectoplasm

• cytoskeleton

• endoplasmic reticulum

Answer explanation

The cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance within a cell that surrounds and supports the organelles. It plays a crucial role in cellular processes, making it the correct answer to the question.

The _____ is a the semi- permeable membrane that surrounds plant and animal cells.

• cell membrane

• cell wall

• cytoskeleton

• nuclear membrane

Answer explanation

The cell membrane is a semi-permeable barrier that surrounds both plant and animal cells, controlling the movement of substances in and out. The cell wall is specific to plants, while the cytoskeleton and nuclear membrane serve different functions.

Why are vacuoles in plant cells many times larger than vacuoles in animal cells?

• plant cells need to store more water for the periods

  when water is not available. They can’t go get a drink

  of water

• animal cells need to store more water for the periods

  when water is not available. They can’t go get a drink

  of water

• animal cells do not need water to function

• plant cells are bigger than animal cells, so they are able to have a larger vacuole

Answer explanation

Plant cells have larger vacuoles to store more water, which is crucial for survival during dry periods since they cannot move to find water. This adaptation helps maintain turgor pressure and overall cell function.

Potato cells usually do not contain chloroplasts. If you examined a potato cell under a microscope, how could you tell that it was a plant cell?

• Under the microscope, potato cells have a cell wall and a

  large vacuole for storing water.

• Under the microscope, potato cells have a nucleus and a

  Golgi body.

• Under the microscope, potato cells have mitochondria and ribosomes.

• Under the microscope, potato cells have a cell membrane and rough E.R.

Answer explanation

Potato cells can be identified as plant cells because they have a cell wall, which provides structure, and a large vacuole that stores water, both of which are characteristic features of plant cells.

Scientists have recently discovered a species of sea slug that “steals” the genes for photosynthesis from the algae that it eats and integrates the algae’s chloroplast into its own cells. What can the sea slug now do that most animals cannot?

• make its own food

• swim really fast

• produce leaves and roots

• survive in fresh water

Answer explanation

The sea slug can make its own food through photosynthesis by using the chloroplasts it integrates from algae. This ability is unique among most animals, which cannot produce their own food.

Identify the cell organelle indicated by #1

• nucleus

• mitochondrion

• rough E.R.

• chloroplasts

• lysosome

Answer explanation

The mitochondrion is the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration. It is often indicated in diagrams due to its distinct double membrane and role in energy metabolism.