Basic Scientific Concepts

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Independent variable

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A variable that is changed or manipulated in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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Dependent variable

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A variable being measured in a scientific experiment.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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Controlled variable

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A variable that is kept constant during a controlled experiment.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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Controlled experiment

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An experiment in which all variables are kept constant except for the ONE independent variable.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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Hypothesis

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A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, serving as a starting point for experiments.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

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Qualitative data

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Descriptions collected in an experiment, that do not use numbers.

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Quantitative data

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Number information measured with standard units using laboratory tools.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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Observation

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Using your five senses - sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch to describe something

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NGSS.MS-LS1-8

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Inference

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Making a guess or prediction based on what you observe

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Graduated Cylinder, Beaker, Flask

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Lab tool that measures volume of a liquid