Thinking about Producers

Which social factors can influence language variation?

• Age, gender, ethnicity, class, and geographical origin

• Only age and gender

• Education level only

• None of the above

What is a 'variety of English'?

• A special dictionary

• A way people speak depending on social factors

• Formal grammar rules

• A specific dialect in the U.S.

How does 'I am your father' differ in tone from 'I'm your dad'?

• The latter is more formal

• The former is more casual

• The latter sounds more informal and close

• Both mean the same thing with no tonal difference

What is the term used to describe individual language use by a person?

• Dialect

• Idiolect

• Phonology

• Syntax

Grammatical variation includes changes in:

• Phonology

• Syntax and morphology

• Lexical choices

• Pitch and timbre

What type of mood is most commonly realized in discourse?

• Interrogative

• Declarative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

What linguistic feature helps convey whether the speaker is informing, requesting, or commanding?

• Vocabulary

• Phonology

• Mood

• Grammar

What are bound morphemes?

• Words that can stand alone

• Words that change tense or number

• Morphemes that cannot stand alone, like 'ed'

• Phrases used in spoken language

What is the main difference between a dialect and an accent?

• Accent includes grammar

• Accent is about pronunciation, and dialect includes vocabulary and grammar

• Dialect is only spoken language

• There is no difference

Phonological variation in the word 'batter' includes which variable?

• 't' vs. 'd'

• 'b' vs. 'p'

• 'r' vs. 's'

• 'a' vs. 'e'