Language Choice in Multilingual Communities

A Domain is:

• a very general concept

• concept which depends on some social factors

• a term made by the American Sociolinguist, Fishman.

• a concept which depends on: participants, topic and setting.

Fro example, the boy living in Zaire will use Swahili to strangers, but he will use Indoubli among his friends or peers. This explains the concept of _____

• Social distance

• Social Status

• Formality

• Function

For example, in Zaire, a man would use the standard Swahili when talking to a high-level official, a student would also use standard Swahili when talking to his teacher, and a patient will do the same when talking to his doctor. This explains the concept of ________

• Formality

• Social distance

• Function

• Social status

Diglossia has the following characteristic:

Two distinct varieties of the same language are used in the community. One is regarded as the high variety, while the other is regarded as the low variety.

Is it true or false?

• True

• False

• Not given

Diglossia has the following three characteristics:

Each variety is used for distinct functions. However, the two varieties compliment each other.

,

• True

• False

• Not given

Diglossia has the following three characteristics:

   The high variety is used in every day conversation.

• True

• False

• Not given

Arabic speaking communities use Fus’ha (Modern Standard Arabic) as the High Variety. It is used for domains of media, education, religion, press etc. Also, the MSA is revered as the language of Koran. This explains the concept of

• Diaglossia

• Bilinguailism

• Poliglossia

• Multilingualism

On the level of Vocabulary, the L variety has more technical and formal words because it is used for formal domains, unlike the H variety. True or false?

• False

• True

• Not given

In Zaire, one has over four varieties used for different purposes: home, market place, younger people, writing or other official and formal purposes. (formal shi, informal shi, indoubli, etc.).

This example explains the concept of

• Diaglossia

• Linguistic repertoire

• Polyglossia

• Domain

The speaker switches codes between Samoan and English to describe his experience in weight loss. Samoan is used to express his feelings, and how he felt shame and embarrassment over his look (it serves affective functions). This explains the concept of

• Code mixing

• Code switching

• Metaphorical switching

• Language variation