GMAS Science Review

A student wants to design a complete, simple circuit for a class project. The student has more materials available than are needed for the project.

What does a complete, simple circuit require to work?

• wire and a switch

• wire and a light bulb

• wire, a battery, and a switch

• wire, a battery, and a light bulb

Deposition of sediments can change the depth of a lake over time. A student wants to make a model that shows how this process takes place.

Which model would provide data about changes in the depth of a lake caused by deposition?

• Fill a beaker with water. Slowly allow the water to evaporate from the beaker. Measure the change in the depth of the water.

• Fill a beaker with water. Slowly drop sand, gravel, and dead plant material into the beaker. Measure the change in the depth of the water.

• Fill a plastic box with water. Put a hose in the water on one end of the box and turn the water on to a slow flow. Measure the depth of the water when the box is full.

• Fill a plastic box with sand, gravel, and dead plant material. Put a hose in the middle of the box and turn the water on to a slow flow. Measure the depth of the water when the box is full.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

A student observed a label found on raw chicken meat sold at the grocery store. Warning: Cook thoroughly to kill bacteria.

Which argument should the student use to support a claim that some bacteria are harmful to humans?

• Some bacteria can harm humans because bacteria reproduce faster when they are cooked at high temperatures.

• Some bacteria can harm humans because bacteria become toxic when cooked at high temperatures.

• Some bacteria can harm humans because bacteria make food taste bad when it is not cooked properly.

• Some bacteria can harm humans because bacteria can cause food poisoning when contaminated food is not cooked properly.

After a person takes an antibiotic to fight a bacterial infection in the body, some doctors recommend taking a pill called a probiotic every day. The list shows some facts about probiotics.

Which argument BEST supports the claim that humans benefit from taking probiotics?

• Humans benefit from probiotics because probiotics prevent people from getting sick.

• Humans benefit from probiotics because probiotics are made of living microorganisms.

• Humans benefit from probiotics because probiotics can be taken every day after having an infection.

• Humans benefit from probiotics because probiotics balance the number and types of bacteria that live in the gut

Two students listed some traits of their favorite football player.

Traits of a Football Player

• is the youngest of four children

• has brown hair and brown eyes

• is taller than the other teammates

• is good at throwing and catching a football

Which question would help the student determine which trait on the list is an acquired physical trait of the football player?

• How tall is the football player?

• Does the football player have any siblings?

• Why does the football player have brown eyes and hair?

• Has the football player always been good at catching a football?

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

The picture shows a cow.

Which question can be asked to learn about the inherited physical traits of the cow?

• How old is the cow?

• Why does the cow have brown fur?

• Has the cow been fed today?

• Is the cow tame enough to pet?

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

A student wants to test some materials to find out whether they conduct electricity or insulate electricity. The student uses the following steps to get started.

The student has a variety of materials to test. Which steps would BEST complete the procedure and which conclusion should the student make?

• step 5: Connect a test material to the open ends of wire 1 and wire 3.

  step 6: Make observations, and repeat step 5 with a different test material. conclusion: If the bulb lights up, the material is a conductor. If the bulb does not light up, the material is an insulator

• step 5: Connect a test material to the open ends of wire 1 and wire 3.

  step 6: Make observations, and repeat step 5 with a different test material. conclusion: If the bulb lights up, the material is an insulator. If the bulb does not light up, the material is a conductor.

• step 5: Connect the open ends of wire 1 and wire 3 to each other to complete the circuit.

  step 6: Touch a test material to the completed circuit, and record observations.

  conclusion: If the bulb lights up, the material is an insulator. If the bulb does not light up, the material is a conductor.

• step 5: Connect the open ends of wire 1 and wire 3 to each other to complete the circuit

  step 6: Touch a test material to the completed circuit, and record observations.

  conclusion: If the bulb lights up, the material is a conductor. If the bulb does not light up, the material is an insulator.

A student is comparing two types of magnets. The student asks five questions and then finds the answers to the questions by experimenting with the magnets. The results are shown in the table.

Based on the evidence, which TWO arguments correctly match a magnet to its best use?

• Magnet 1 should be used to pick up many small magnetic objects at once because the temporary magnet can pick up as many objects as the permanent magnet can.

• Magnet 1 should be used to pick up magnetic objects in one location and drop them off in another location because temporary magnets can be turned on and off

• Magnet 1 can be used in all the ways magnet 2 is used because temporary magnets can be made stronger or weaker and permanent magnets cannot

• Magnet 2 should be used to pick up magnetic objects in places where there is no power supply because permanent magnets do not run out of energy.

• Magnet 2 should be used to pick up large magnetic objects because permanent magnets are stronger than temporary magnets.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

A student is investigating chemical changes by using different materials.

Which investigation would provide evidence of a chemical change and why?

• Melting a solid with fire would provide evidence of a chemical change because the solid would change shape.

• Cutting cardboard into many smaller pieces would provide evidence of a chemical change because the pieces cannot be put back together.

• Combining two liquids that give off heat and gas would provide evidence of a chemical change because the particles react to make a new material with different properties.

• Placing a solid into hot water and stirring while the solid dissolves would provide evidence of a chemical change because the dissolved material is lost.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Which investigation would provide evidence of a chemical change?

• Spray perfume into the air, and when the air and perfume mix, observe the change in odor that happens as they mix.

• Put an antacid tablet in water, and when the antacid and water mix, observe the bubbles that form as a new substance is created.

• Heat water in a pan on a stove, and observe the steam that forms as the state of matter of the water changes.

• Blow air through a wand filled with soap solution, and observe the bubbles that form as the air becomes trapped.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2