Mastery Connect Review Quiz 2

"Among the numerous advantages promised by a well-constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction. The instability, injustice, and confusion introduced into the public councils, have, in truth, been the mortal diseases under which popular governments have everywhere perished."

According to Federalist Paper No. 10, what was James Madison’s main argument for a large republic?

• A large republic would give more power to the wealthy elite.

• A large republic can better control factions by diluting their power.

• A large republic would eliminate the need for elections

• A large republic would ensure a monarchy-like system.

"By a faction, I understand a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community. There are two methods of curing the mischiefs of faction: the one, by removing its causes; the other, by controlling its effects."
—James Madison, Federalist No. 10

How does Madison propose to limit the effects of factions in a large republic?

• By ensuring a monarchy to avoid internal disputes.

• By making factions illegal.

• By making it harder for factions to dominate because of a greater diversity of interests.

• By establishing one dominant faction to rule over all others.

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
—Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776

In the Declaration of Independence, what justification is given for the colonies declaring their independence from Britain?

• The colonies had lost interest in being part of the British Empire.

• The British government had violated the natural rights of the colonists, justifying the creation of a new government.

• King George III requested the colonies to declare independence.

• The colonies were forced to declare independence due to a European war.

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
—Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776

According to the Declaration of Independence, what are “unalienable rights,” and why are they significant?

• Rights given by the king that cannot be revoked.

• Rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, which governments are created to protect.

• Rights that can be transferred from one person to another.

• Rights guaranteed only to property owners.

"We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety."
—James Monroe, Monroe Doctrine, 1823

• European nations were encouraged to colonize South America.

• The United States would become part of European alliances.

• The U.S. would seek colonial expansion in Africa and Asia.

• European interference in the Americas would be seen as a threat to U.S. peace and safety.

"We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety."
—James Monroe, Monroe Doctrine, 1823

Why was the Monroe Doctrine considered a bold statement for the United States in 1823?

• It claimed that the U.S. had the strongest military power in the world.

• It was asserting U.S. dominance in the global economy.

• The U.S. was asserting its role as a protector of the Western Hemisphere, despite not yet being a world power.

• It stated the U.S. would support European colonization of Africa.

"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
—Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, 1863

In Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, what was the “great task remaining before us”?

• To win the war for the Confederacy.

• To ensure that the nation endures and that the ideals of liberty and equality continue

• To rewrite the Constitution.

• To honor only the soldiers from the North.

"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
—Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, 1863

Why did Lincoln refer to the United States as a “nation conceived in liberty”?

• Because the nation was founded on the belief that all men are created equal.

• Because the nation was formed after the fall of the British monarchy.

• Because the United States had recently abolished slavery.

• Because the United States had formed new trade alliances.

"That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free."
—Emancipation Proclamation, January 1, 1863

What did the Emancipation Proclamation accomplish?

• It ended the Civil War.

• It declared that all slaves in the Confederate states were free.

• t provided compensation to slaveholders in the South.

• It allowed Confederate states to retain slavery if they rejoined the Union.

"That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free."
—Emancipation Proclamation, January 1, 1863

Why was the Emancipation Proclamation significant in the context of the Civil War?

• It led to the immediate surrender of Confederate forces

• It established new voting rights for freed slaves.

• It caused European countries to enter the war on the side of the Confederacy.

• It gave the Union a moral cause and further weakened the Confederacy by encouraging slaves to flee.