Impact of Islam on Indian Ocean Trade

Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the effect of the spread of Islam on Indian Ocean trade?

• It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes.

• It led to the disappearance of previously established trade networks.

• It led to an expansion of land-based caravan trade but also to a decline of maritime trade.

• It led to the first creation of trade links between previously isolated world regions.

The passage by al-Khatib best illustrates which of the following?

• The literary tradition of long-distance travelers in the Islamic world

• The growth of scientific thought and innovation in Muslim Spain

• The impact of Christian attempts to reconquer Spain from the Muslims

• The efforts of Islamic missionaries to spread their faith along trade routes

In the period 1000 to 1450, which of the following developments partially resulted from knowledge of Greek science and technology?

• Japanese temple design in Kyoto

• Christian theology in the Roman Empire

• Islamic medical books in Baghdad

• Mongol military tactics in Central Asia

• Inca bridge design in the Andes

The type of wall decoration illustrated above would most commonly be found in a

• stupa

• mosque

• cathedral

• temple

• marketplace

As described in the passage, the cultural influences in Bukhara are most directly a legacy of which of the following?

• Greek and Muslim scholarship

• Chinese and Indian trade

• Roman and Byzantine architecture

• Persian and Ottoman governance

Interactions between Muslims and Hindus following the spread of Islam into northern India resulted in the spread of a wide variety of ideas, philosophies, and scholarship across which regions?

• South and Central Asia as well as Southwest Asia

• East Asia and Southeast Asia

• Western Europe and North Africa

• North America and South America

The religious differences between Ibn Sina and his father most directly reflect the legacy of which of the following?

• A dispute over the legal status of non-Muslims

• A dispute over who was the rightful caliph

• A dispute over whether the Qur’an was literally the word of God

• A dispute over whether Mecca or Jerusalem was the holiest city in the Islamic world

Which of the following most likely explains why Muslims such as Ibn Sina would have been interested in studying the philosophical ideas discussed in the second paragraph?

• The adoption of Greek ideas of republican and democratic governance shaped the early development of the Islamic caliphate.

• The use of observation and logic in studying the natural world was part of a Muslim intellectual tradition.

• Muslim intellectuals were heavily influenced by polytheistic mystery religions.

• Greco-Roman concepts of rigid social and ethnic hierarchies heavily influenced the early Muslim community.

The translations and works of Muslim scholars such as Ibn Sina became influential in Europe in the period before 1450 most directly as a result of

• the flourishing of trading cities along the Silk Roads in Central Asia

• political fragmentation and decentralization in medieval Europe

• cultural exchanges between Christians and Muslims in the Mediterranean region

• the fall of Constantinople to the expanding Ottoman Empire

Who was the constellation Hercules named after?

• An ancient Greek mythical hero

• A famous Roman emperor

• A legendary Persian king

• A renowned Egyptian pharaoh