What is a common use of mathematical models?

• Teaching physics principles

• Predicting future outcomes

• Prototyping engineering designs

• Simulating biological systems

One limitation of physical models is:

• They can only be used in research

• They require specialized software

• They are often expensive and time-consuming to create

• They are too abstract

What increases computational costs in simulation models?

• Large-scale simulations

• Simple algorithms

• Small datasets

• Limited assumptions

What is the focus of a conceptual model?

• Physical properties

• Numerical data

• Key components and relationships

• Large simulations

Who proposed the Solid Sphere Model of the atom?

• J.J. Thomson

• Niels Bohr

• John Dalton

• Ernest Rutherford

When was the Plum Pudding Model proposed?

• 1913

• 1803

• 1904

• 1920

Which atomic model introduced the concept of the nucleus?

• Solid Sphere Model

• Planetary Model

• Plum Pudding Model

• Nuclear Model

The Planetary Model of the atom was proposed by:

• Schrödinger

• John Dalton

• J.J. Thomson

• Niels Bohr

What does the Quantum Mechanical Model describe?

• Electrons in fixed orbits

• Electrons in probabilistic clouds called orbitals

• Atoms as indivisible particles

• Atoms with no internal structure

What is a solid characterized by in the particle model of matter?

• Particles moving rapidly and freely

• Particles close together but able to move past each other

• Particles tightly packed and vibrating in fixed positions

• Particles far apart