Enlightenment Philosophy Quiz

Which philosopher is known for the idea of natural rights, specifically life, liberty, and property?

• David Hume

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Immanuel Kant

What is David Hume best known for in terms of philosophy?

• Social contract theory

• Empiricism and skepticism

• Categorical imperative

• Separation of powers

Which Enlightenment thinker wrote 'The Social Contract' and argued that private property is a source of inequality?

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Voltaire

• Adam Smith

Who is known for the concept of the 'invisible hand' in economics, which explains how self-interest can lead to societal benefits?

• Adam Smith

• Benjamin Franklin

• Cesare Beccaria

• Thomas Jefferson

What idea is Baron de Montesquieu most famous for contributing to political theory?

• Natural rights

• The categorical imperative

• Separation of powers and checks and balances

• The social contract

Which Enlightenment thinker’s ideas about freedom of speech, civil liberties, and separation of church and state influenced modern secular societies?

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Cesare Beccaria

• Thomas Hobbes

Which philosopher is associated with the concept of the 'categorical imperative,' which suggests that moral actions are based on universal rules of reason?

• Immanuel Kant

• John Locke

• Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

• David Hume

Which Enlightenment thinker had a significant influence on criminal justice reform, particularly in advocating for the abolition of torture and the death penalty?

• John Locke

• Cesare Beccaria

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Jefferson

What major political document did Thomas Jefferson author, heavily influenced by Enlightenment ideas?

• The U.S. Constitution

• The Magna Carta

• The Declaration of Independence

• The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

What common theme of the Enlightenment emphasizes the use of reason to understand the world and challenge tradition?

• Optimism

• Rationalism

• Skepticism

• Empiricism