Scientific methods in psychology

What is the primary focus of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis?

• To determine the genetic predispositions to behavior.

• To understand the social influences on personality.

• To delve into unconscious mind and its influence on behavior.

• To understand the role of the conscious thoughts and rational decision-making.

Which of the following methods did Freud use to explore the unconscious?

• Surveys and questionnaires.

• Dream analysis.

• Statistical analysis.

• Behavioral observation.

What was a major criticism of Freud's theories?

• Neglect of childhood experiences.

• Overemphasis on scientific rigor.

• Lack of empirical evidence.

• Focus on cognitive processes.

What psychological approach is Edward Titchener known for?

• Structuralism.

• Functionalism.

• Behaviorism.

• Psychoanalysis.

What method did Titchener primarily use to study consciousness?

• Introspection and statistical analysis.

• Case studies.

• Stuctutral Introspection.

• Experimental manipulation.

Which of the following is a criticism of Titchener's introspection method?

• It lacked historical context.

• It was too subjective and unreliable.

• It was too empirical and scientific.

• It was too focused on behavior.

What is Charles Darwin best known for in psychology?

• The development of behaviorism.

• The study of cognitive processes.

• The theory of evolution and natural selection.

• The concept of the unconscious mind.

What scientific method did Darwin primarily use in his studies?

• Controlled experiments in a lab setting.

• Surveys and interviews.

• Observational and comparative methods.

• Statistical analysis of large datasets.

What is a key principle of Gestalt psychology?

• Behavior can be understood through reinforcement.

• Mental processes can be broken down into basic elements.

• The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

• Consciousness is a series of discrete events.

What was William James's contribution to psychology?

• Establishing behaviorism.

• Creating structuralism.

• Developing psychoanalysis.

• Founding functionalism.