Understanding Cardiac Output and Conduction

What is cardiac output?

• The amount of blood ejected from the heart per contraction

• The amount of blood the heart pumps through the cardiovascular system in one minute

• The electrical activity of the heart

• The pressure exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels

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Which two factors determine cardiac output?

• Blood pressure and heart rate

• Stroke volume and blood pressure

• Heart rate and stroke volume

• Stroke volume and blood viscosity

What is stroke volume?

• The amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute

• The amount of blood ejected from the heart per contraction

• The electrical impulse generated by the heart

• The resistance of blood flow in the vessels

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

How can the body maintain homeostasis in terms of cardiac output?

• By modulating blood viscosity

• By modulating stroke volume and heart rate

• By changing the electrical conduction speed

• By altering blood vessel diameter

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What happens to cardiac output during physical activities like running?

• It decreases to conserve energy

• It remains constant

• It increases to meet the body's demands

• It fluctuates randomly

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

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Which of the following is a short-term way to modify cardiac output?

• Increasing blood volume

• Increasing heart rate

• Decreasing blood vessel elasticity

• Changing blood pH

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What role do autorhythmic cells play in the heart?

• They contract to pump blood

• They generate electrical impulses

• They store oxygen

• They transport nutrients

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can change cardiac output?

• Stroke volume

• Heart rate

• Blood type

• Physical activity

What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

• Cardiac Output = Heart Rate + Stroke Volume

• Cardiac Output = Heart Rate - Stroke Volume

• Cardiac Output = Heart Rate \times Stroke Volume

• Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume / Heart Rate

If the heart rate is 70 beats per minute and the stroke volume is 70 mL/beat, what is the cardiac output?

• 4900 mL/min

• 140 mL/min

• 490 mL/min

• 49000 mL/min