Chapter 4 A&P

Provides the biochemicals required for cell growth and repair by joining individual molecules together to form more complex molecules.

• Anabolism

• Dehydration synthesis

• Catabolism

• Hydrolysis

Joins simple sugars to form larger glycogen molecules and produces water as a by-product.

• Anabolism

• Catabolism

• Dehydration synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Break down large molecules into smaller ones

• Anabolism

• Catabolism

• Dehydration synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Reactions break down complex molecules into their simpler components, as well as split water molecules.

• Dehydration synthesis

• Catabolism

• Anabolism

• Hydrolysis

Sequences of enzyme-controlled reactions that lead to synthesis or breakdown of particular biochemicals.

• Enzymes

• Substrate

• Metabolic pathway

• Cofactor

Specialized proteins that lower the amount of energy necessary for a chemical reaction to begin.

• Enzymes

• Substrate

• Cofactor

• Active site

Coenzyme A are small organic molecules that take part in cellular respiration.

• True

• False

Almost all enzymes are proteins. Like other proteins, exposure to heat, radiation, electricity, certain chemicals, or fluids with extreme pH values can __________, or otherwise inactivate enzymes.

• denature

• cofactor

• active site

• substrate

Cells “burn” glucose molecules, breaking their chemical bonds to supply the energy necessary for metabolism to occur in a process called __________.

• cofactor

• denature

• substrate

• oxidation

Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three interconnected series of chemical reactions which forms a metabolic cycle to breakdown glucose into carbon dioxide and energy (ATP).

• Glycolysis

• Anaerobic

• Cellular respiration

• aerobic respiration