Chapter 1 Introduction

What is the name of an electronic tool that facilitates the input, processing, and output of information?

• Operating system

• Motherboard

• Computer

• CPU

Answer explanation

A computer is an electronic tool that allows information to be input, processed, and output. It consists of various components such as the motherboard, CPU, and operating system, which work together to perform these functions. The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all the components, while the CPU is the central processing unit responsible for executing instructions. The operating system is the software that manages the computer's resources and provides a user interface. However, the computer as a whole encompasses all these components and functions.

What is the term for a worldwide network of computers?

• CPU

• 
  Internet

• RAM

• Network

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Internet. The Internet is a worldwide network of computers that are connected to each other and exchange information. It allows users to access and share data, communicate with others, and browse websites from anywhere in the world. The Internet has revolutionized the way people communicate, work, and access information, making it an essential part of modern life.

What is referred to as the brain of the computer, responsible for calculations, movement, and processing of information?

• CPU

• RAM

• Motherboard

• Hard Drive

Answer explanation

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often referred to as the brain of the computer because it is responsible for performing calculations, executing instructions, and processing data. It is the component that carries out all the necessary operations to run programs and perform tasks. The CPU receives input from various sources, processes it, and then sends the output to the appropriate components. In summary, the CPU is the key component that handles the calculation, movement, and processing of information in a computer system

What is the part of a computer that allows a user to input information?

• Output Device

• 
  Software

• Operating System

• Input Device

Answer explanation

The part of a computer that allows a user to put information into the computer is called an input device. Input devices are hardware components that enable users to input data or commands into the computer system. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones. These devices allow users to interact with the computer and provide the necessary input for processing and executing tasks.

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  What is the term for a small picture that represents a folder, program, or other items on a computer?

• Desktop

• Icon

• 
  Graphic

• Image

Answer explanation

An icon in computing is a small graphical representation that stands for a program, file, or function on a user interface. Icons help users easily navigate through computer systems by providing a visual reference to software and files, making the digital environment more user-friendly and accessible. They are designed to be simple yet recognizable, enabling efficient interaction with the computer system without needing to read text descriptions. This feature is integral to the graphical user interfaces (GUIs) seen on computers, smartphones, and many other electronic devices, distinguishing icons from general images or graphics that do not have this functional role.

What is the name of the computer's short-term memory that is lost when the computer is turned off?

• ROM

• CPU

• RAM

• SD Card

Answer explanation

RAM stands for Random Access Memory, which is the computer's short-term memory that is lost when the computer is turned off. It is a volatile memory that stores data that is actively being used by the computer's operating system and applications. When the computer is powered off, the data stored in RAM is erased, which is why it is considered as short-term memory. CPU, hardware, and processor are not the correct answers as they refer to different components and functionalities of a computer.

What is the computer part that connects all other components, enabling them to communicate and work together?

• Network

• Server

• Motherboard

• Disk Drive

Answer explanation

The motherboard is the correct answer because it is the main circuit board of a computer that connects and allows communication between all other components. It houses the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage, and other essential components. It provides the electrical connections and pathways for data transfer and power distribution, enabling all the different parts of the computer to work together effectively.

What term is used to describe the physical components of a computer?

• Software

• Malware

• Hardware

• Communication Device

Answer explanation

The physical components of a computer, such as the motherboard, processor, memory, and peripherals, are collectively referred to as hardware. This term encompasses all the tangible parts that can be seen and touched. Hard drive and disk drive are specific components of hardware, while software refers to the non-physical programs and instructions that run on the hardware. Therefore, the correct answer is hardware.

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  What are the parts of a computer called that allow the user to see or hear information produced by the computer?

• Input Device

• Communication Device

• Output Device

• Disk Drive

Answer explanation

Output devices are components of a computer system that convert the information processed by the computer into a form perceptible to users. Common examples include monitors, which display visual information, and speakers, which produce audio. These devices are essential for conveying the results of computer processes to users, enabling them to interact with and utilize the data. Unlike input devices that send data to the computer for processing, output devices receive data from the computer after it has been processed, making it accessible and understandable to human users. This function is vital for completing the communication loop in human-computer interaction.

What is the computer part called that stores programs and information on two or more disks within the computer?

• Motherboard

• System Unit

• Hard Drive

• CPU

Answer explanation

A hard drive, or hard disk drive (HDD), is a data storage device found inside computers that uses one or more rotating disks coated with magnetic material to store and retrieve digital information. It is responsible for permanently storing all forms of data and programs even when the computer is turned off, making it essential for the long-term retention of data. Unlike RAM, which is volatile and loses data upon power loss, a hard drive keeps data until it is erased or overwritten. Hard drives come in various sizes and capacities, accommodating everything from basic documents to large video files, and are fundamental for the overall functionality and memory capacity of a computer system.