Period of drastic change in scientific thought that took place in the 16th and 17th centuries in the fields of astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, biology, and other sciences.

• The Enlightenment

• The Scientific Revolution

• The Reformation
• The Renaissance

The religious movement that prompted followers to challenge accepted ways of thinking about God and salvation.

• The Reformation
• The Scientific Revolution
• The Enlightenment
• The Renaissance

Rebirth of learning and the arts.

• The Enlightenment

• The Scientific Revolution
• The Renaissance

• The Reformation

New intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of individuals to solve problems.

• The Renaissance

• The Scientific Revolution
• The Reformation
• The Enlightenment

English scientist and mathematician who proposed universal laws of motion and gravity

• Isaac Newton
• Francis Bacon
• Rene Descartes
• Galileo Galilei

English writer and statesman who encouraged experimentation that led to the modern day scientific method

• Isaac Newton

• Francis Bacon

• Rene Descartes
• Galileo Galilei

Scientist who perfected the telescope and made new discoveries about the universe that supported the heliocentric theory

• Isaac Newton

• Francis Bacon
• Galileo Galilei

• Rene Descartes

French mathematician and philosopher who created analytical geometry and contributed to the modern day scientific method

• Johannes Kepler

• Francis Bacon
• Nicolaus Copernicus
• Rene Descartes

Polish scientist and clergyman who first proposed the heliocentric theory

• Johannes Kepler

• Rene Descartes
• Francis Bacon
• Nicolaus Copernicus

German mathematician and assistant to Tycho Brahe who concluded the planets revolved around the sun in elliptical orbits

• Rene Descartes

• Nicolaus Copernicus
• Johannes Kepler

• Francis Bacon