What is the primary focus of materials science?

• Creating new materials without understanding their properties

• Investigating the relationships between structures and properties of materials

• Designing materials for aesthetic purposes

• Studying the history of materials

Which of the following is NOT a category of material properties?

• Biological

• Chemical

• Electrical

• Mechanical

What type of materials are ceramics primarily composed of?

• Metallic elements

• Nonmetallic elements

• Organic compounds

• Gases

Which of the following materials is known for being flexible and low in density?

• Metals

• Ceramics

• Polymers

• Composites

What is the term for materials that consist of combinations of two or more different materials?

• Alloys

• Semiconductors

• Biomaterials

• Composites

Which atomic structure is characterized by a regular geometric array?

• Molecular structure

• Crystal structure

• Amorphous structure

• Liquid structure

What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Metallic bond

Which of the following is a characteristic of materials joined by ionic bonds?

• High electrical conductivity

• High melting point

• High ductility

• Low hardness

What is the primary reason metals are good conductors of electricity?

• Presence of free electrons

• Strong ionic bonds

• Low melting point

• High density

What is the term for the process when metals change from one crystalline form to another?

• Crystallization

• Dendritic growth

• Allotropic change

• Solidification