Gas laws and KMT

You shake a can of soda & then open it, decreasing its pressure. What happens to the volume of the carbon dioxide in the soda?

• Increase

• Decrease

Answer explanation

When you shake the can and open it, the pressure decreases, allowing the dissolved carbon dioxide to escape. This results in an increase in the volume of carbon dioxide gas as it expands and forms bubbles.

The pressure decreases as a scuba diver ascends to the surface of the water. What happens to the volume of air in his lungs?

• Increase

• Decrease

Answer explanation

As a scuba diver ascends, the pressure decreases, causing the volume of air in his lungs to increase according to Boyle's Law. This law states that volume and pressure are inversely related, so lower pressure results in greater volume.

You forgot to bring your basketball inside after playing a game with your friends. When the sun when down, the temperature dropped & it got cold outside. What do you think happened to the volume of the ball?

• Increase

• Decrease

Answer explanation

As the temperature drops, the air inside the basketball cools, causing the gas molecules to move less and occupy less space. This results in a decrease in the volume of the ball, making 'Decrease' the correct answer.

The burner of a hot air balloon start heating the air inside the envelope. This continues heating the air, until the balloon inflates all the way & starts to lift off the ground. What happens to the pressure of the balloon as it is being inflated?

• Increases

• Decreases

Answer explanation

As the burner heats the air inside the balloon, the air expands, causing the pressure to increase. This is consistent with the ideal gas law, where heating a gas at constant volume leads to an increase in pressure.

When Temperature of a gas increases, the Volume will ____________________

• Increase

• Decrease

• Stay the Same

Answer explanation

When the temperature of a gas increases, its particles move faster, causing the gas to expand. According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, so the volume will increase.

When Temperature of a gas increases, the Pressure will ____________________

• Increase

• Decrease

• Stay the Same

Answer explanation

When the temperature of a gas increases, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules also increases, leading to more frequent and forceful collisions with the container walls. This results in an increase in pressure.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

When Volume of a gas increases, the Pressure will ______________

• Increase

• Decrease

• Stay the Same

Answer explanation

According to Boyle's Law, when the volume of a gas increases at constant temperature, the pressure decreases. This inverse relationship means that as volume goes up, pressure must go down.

What is the name of this instrument, which is used to measure atmospheric pressure?

• barometer

• thermometer

• anemometer

• voltmeter

Answer explanation

The instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is called a barometer. A thermometer measures temperature, an anemometer measures wind speed, and a voltmeter measures electrical potential.

What does the unit Kelvin, K, measure?

• Pressure

• Volume

• Mass

• Temperature

Answer explanation

The Kelvin (K) is the SI unit of temperature. It measures thermal energy, with 0 K representing absolute zero, the point at which molecular motion stops. Therefore, the correct answer is temperature.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Which of the following changes would cause a decrease in the Volume of a gas?

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY!!!

• Lowering the Temperature

• Increasing the Pressure

• Increasing the Temperature

• Lowering the Pressure

Answer explanation

Lowering the temperature decreases gas volume due to reduced kinetic energy. Increasing pressure compresses the gas, also reducing volume. Increasing temperature or lowering pressure would increase volume.