4th Grade Benchmark 1

Based on Source 1 and Source 4, which statement best describes the migration route of most early humans?

• Most early humans traveled along the coast of West Africa to migrate to Asia.

• Most early humans migrated only to Europe and the Middle East.

• Most early humans migrated from Africa through the Middle East to Europe and Asia.

• Most early humans traveled across the Atlantic Ocean to migrate to North America.

Based on Source 1 and Source 3, how did the Ice Age most likely influence the migration and settlement of early humans to new areas?

• Changing sea levels created land routes that allowed early humans to travel between continents.

• Early humans began traveling long distances on newly discovered oceans.

• Cold climate conditions made travel impossible for early humans.

• Early humans did their best to avoid very cold areas.

Using Source 1, which statements best describe the migration patterns of early humans? Select the two correct answers.

• Early humans traveled to different environments to meet their needs.

• Early humans followed many different migration routes across many of the continents.

• Early humans usually traveled to and settled in cold regions only.

• Early humans mainly settled along rivers for farming.

• Early humans mostly traveled west before settling along the coast of the Atlantic ocean.

Based on Source 1, which statement most likely explains why South America was the last continent settled by early humans?

• There were too many people living on the other continents.

• The climate was too different from the climate in Africa.

• The continent was difficult to reach from Asia.

• Early humans had to learn to build ships before reaching South America.

Which statement best explains the significance of the stone tools shown in Source 2 on early humans?

• They were used as the basis of new communication systems.

• They were used to meet the basic needs of more people.

• They allowed travelers to explore new areas for settlement.

• They helped farmers grow a wider variety of crops.

Based on Source 2, which statement best explains the relationship between the physical environment and the achievements of early humans?

• Early humans viewed the environment as sacred and used it to please their gods.

• Early humans viewed the environment as fragile and used care when carving stone.

• Early humans used the environment to establish systems of trade through bartering.

• Early humans used the environment to create tools to help them acquire food.

Based on Source 1, which of the following events occurred first during the Old Stone Age?

• The domestication of chickens.

• The domestication of wheat.

• Advances in irrigation systems.

• The domestication of sheep.

Based on Source 3, what is one reason that civilizations develop?

• People began domesticating plants.

• People first began hunting animals.

• People developed towns.

• People began domesticating agriculture.

What is one difference between hunter-gatherer and farming societies, as shown in Source 2?

• Hunter-gatherer societies lived in permanent houses while farming societies lived in temporary shelters.

• Hunter-gatherer societies settled in farming communities while farming societies lived in civilizations.

• Hunter-gatherer societies lived in temporary shelters while farming societies lived in permanent shelters.

• Hunter-gatherer societies used natural resources to make shelters while farming societies used mostly concrete.

Based on Source 4, what is one important difference between the Old Stone Age and New Stone Age? Select the two correct answers.

• The Old Stone Age was characterized by the development of agriculture, while the New Stone Age was characterized by hunting and gathering.

• The Old Stone Age was characterized by the use of stone tools, while the New Stone Age was characterized by the use of iron tools.

• People lived mostly by themselves during the Old Stone Age, but began forming small communities during the New Stone Age.

• People hunted and gathered food during the Old Stone Age, but began farming and raising animals during the New Stone Age.

• People used their hands to do things during the Old Stone Age, but began using tools during the New Stone Age.