History Lesson 2.1 - Spanish Colonization and New Spain

What advantage did Spanish soldiers have over the Aztec and Inca armies?

• Larger armies

• Better armor and weapons

• More allies

• Knowledge of the land

Why did many Aztec and Inca die after the Spanish arrived?

• Starvation

• Spanish diseases

• Lack of resources

• Internal conflicts

What river did Hernando de Soto discover?

• Amazon River

• Mississippi River

• Colorado River

• Rio Grande

What was the main reason the Aztec and Inca may not have fought as hard against the Spanish?

• Lack of weapons

• Lack of knowledge about the Spaniards

• Lack of food

• Lack of allies

What was the goal of Spanish Missions?

• To convert Indians to Christianity

• To establish trade routes

• To build military forts

• To explore new territories

Who were the Creoles in New Spain?

• Colonists born in the Americas to Spanish parents

• Colonists born in Spain

• People of mixed Spanish and Indian parentage

• The lowest class in Spanish colonial society

What were Mestizos known for in New Spain?

• Being of mixed Spanish and Indian parentage

• Holding the highest jobs in government

• Owning farms and ranches

• Being the lowest class in society

Which class was the largest in Spanish colonial society?

• Mestizos

• Peninsulares

• Creoles

• Indians

Why did Spain have to find a new source of forced labor?

• Many American Indians died from disease and mistreatment

• They needed more workers for trade

• They wanted to expand their territories

• They were building new cities

What was the Transatlantic Slave Trade?

• The transportation of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean

• The exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas

• The establishment of new colonies in Africa

• The building of new trade routes