Rocks Test

The process in which layers of sedimentary rock are formed is called _____________________.

• Composition

• Deposition

• Stratification

• Erosion

Answer explanation

The process in which layers of sedimentary rock are formed is called stratification. This term specifically refers to the layering that occurs as sediments are deposited over time.

A rock whose mineral grains are NOT formed in bands is called______________________.

• Foliated

• Non-Foliated

• Erosion

• Deposition

Answer explanation

A rock with mineral grains not formed in bands is termed 'Non-Foliated'. This contrasts with 'Foliated' rocks, which have a layered or banded appearance.

Grains of sand are washed into rivers and oceans through the process of______________________.

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Rock Cycle

• Stratification

Answer explanation

Grains of sand are washed into rivers and oceans primarily through erosion, which involves the wearing away and transportation of soil and rock particles by water, wind, or ice.

The minerals found in a rock determine its ______________________.

• Stratification

• Rock Cycle

• Composition

• Deposition

Answer explanation

The minerals found in a rock determine its composition, which refers to the specific minerals and elements that make up the rock. Stratification, rock cycle, and deposition are related concepts but do not define the rock's mineral makeup.

Rocks change their composition during the ______________________.

• Stratification

• Rock Cycle

• Erosion

• Composition

Answer explanation

Rocks change their composition during the Rock Cycle, which involves processes like melting, cooling, erosion, and sedimentation, leading to the formation of different rock types.

The process in which sediment is dropped and comes to rest is called:

• Deposition

• Stratification

• Cementation

• Foliation

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Deposition, which refers to the process where sediment is dropped and comes to rest, forming layers. Stratification, cementation, and foliation are related processes but do not specifically describe sediment settling.

Which of the following is a coarse-grained igneous rock?

• Shale

• Granite

• Gneiss

• Marble

Answer explanation

Granite is a coarse-grained igneous rock, characterized by its large crystals formed from slow cooling of magma. In contrast, shale, gneiss, and marble are sedimentary or metamorphic rocks, not igneous.

Partially decomposed plant material forms:

• Chemical Sedimentary Rock

• Fossiliferous Limestone

• Clastic Sedimentary Rock

• Coal

Answer explanation

Partially decomposed plant material primarily forms coal through a process called coalification. Other options like chemical sedimentary rock and clastic sedimentary rock do not originate from plant material.

When shale is exposed to slight heat and pressure, what foliated metamorphic rock does it become?

• Schist

• Gneiss

• Phyllite

• Slate

Answer explanation

When shale is subjected to slight heat and pressure, it transforms into slate, a foliated metamorphic rock. Slate is characterized by its fine-grained texture and ability to split into thin layers.

Please read the following passage and use it to answer the next 3 multiple choice questions. Passage 1 - The texture and composition of a rock can provide good clues about how and where the rock formed. Scientists use both texture and composition to understand the origin and history of rocks. For example, marble is a rock that is made when limestone is metamorphosed. Only limestone contains the mineral—calcite—that can change into marble. Therefore,wherever scientists find marble, they know the sediment that created the original limestone was deposited in a warm ocean or lake environment. 1. In the passage, what does the word "origin" mean?

• Size or Appearance

• Age

• Location or Surroundings

• Source or Formation

Answer explanation

In the passage, 'origin' refers to the 'Source or Formation' of the rock, indicating how and where it was created. This aligns with the context of understanding the history and formation of rocks, making 'Source or Formation' the correct choice.