Indonesian Ethnic Groups

How many different ethnic groups are estimated to exist in Indonesia?

• 300

• 500

• 1,000

• 1,340

Answer explanation

Indonesia is home to approximately 300 different ethnic groups, making it one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world. This figure highlights the rich cultural tapestry of the nation.

Which ethnic group makes up approximately 50% of Indonesia's population?

• Batak

• Balinese

• Javanese

• Sundanese

Answer explanation

The Javanese are the largest ethnic group in Indonesia, comprising about 50% of the population. This makes them the most significant cultural and demographic group in the country, unlike the other options listed.

What is the term used to describe a social unit identified by cultural differences?

• Culture

• Race

• Ethnicity

• Nationality

Answer explanation

The term 'ethnicity' refers to a social unit characterized by shared cultural traits, such as language, traditions, and beliefs, distinguishing it from other groups. This makes 'ethnicity' the correct choice for the question.

Which of the following tribes is NOT mentioned as one of the tribes in Indonesia?

• Moluccan

• Sasak

• Acehnese

• Ilokano

Answer explanation

The Ilokano tribe is not mentioned as one of the tribes in Indonesia. The Moluccan, Sasak, and Acehnese are all recognized tribes within the country.

What does the phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' mean?

• Unity in Diversity

• Harmony in Society

• Strength in Numbers

• Cultural Assimilation

Answer explanation

The phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' translates to 'Unity in Diversity', reflecting Indonesia's belief in maintaining unity despite its diverse cultures and ethnicities. This makes 'Unity in Diversity' the correct answer.

Which ethnic group is known for its body painting culture?

• Javanese

• Batak

• Mentawai

• Sundanese

Answer explanation

The Mentawai people, indigenous to the Mentawai Islands of Indonesia, are renowned for their unique body painting culture, which is an integral part of their identity and rituals, distinguishing them from other ethnic groups like the Javanese, Batak, and Sundanese.

What is the primary language family spoken by most tribes in Papua?

• Austronesian

• Sino-Tibetan

• Afro-Asiatic

• Indo-European

Answer explanation

The primary language family spoken by most tribes in Papua is Austronesian. This family includes many languages used across the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, making it the most prevalent in the region.

Which of the following is a characteristic of ethnic minorities?

• Political power

• Cultural homogeneity

• Sociological underrepresentation

• Numerical dominance

Answer explanation

Sociological underrepresentation is a key characteristic of ethnic minorities, as they often lack equal representation in social, political, and economic spheres, unlike the other options which do not accurately describe their status.

Which tribe is primarily located in West Java?

• Javanese

• Betawi

• Balinese

• Sundanese

Answer explanation

The Sundanese tribe is primarily located in West Java, making it the correct answer. The Javanese are more associated with Central Java, while the Betawi are from Jakarta and the Balinese are from Bali.

What is the main reason for the cultural blending of ethnic groups in Indonesia?

• Isolation

• Colonialism

• Religious conversion

• Migration

Answer explanation

Migration is the main reason for cultural blending in Indonesia, as various ethnic groups have moved across the archipelago, bringing their customs, languages, and traditions, leading to a rich tapestry of cultural diversity.