Exploring the Human Movement Systems

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

• To produce hormones

• To support and protect the body

• To digest food

• To circulate blood

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which type of bone cell is responsible for breaking down bone tissue?

• Osteoblasts

• Osteoclasts

• Osteocytes

• Chondrocytes

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Identify the type of muscle that is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs.

• Skeletal muscle

• Cardiac muscle

• Smooth muscle

• Striated muscle

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Explain how the structure of a long bone supports its function.

• The hollow shaft reduces weight and stores fat, while the dense outer layer provides strength.

• The spongy bone at the ends allows for flexibility, while the solid shaft provides support.

• The bone is entirely solid to provide maximum strength.

• The bone is hollow to allow for blood flow.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

• Hinge joint

• Ball and socket joint

• Pivot joint

• Saddle joint

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Describe the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction.

• They bind to troponin, causing a conformational change that allows myosin to bind to actin.

• They provide energy for the contraction process.

• They break down ATP to release energy.

• They transport oxygen to the muscle fibers.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the primary function of the sarcomere in muscle contraction?

• To store calcium ions

• To generate force through the sliding of actin and myosin filaments

• To transport nutrients to muscle cells

• To produce ATP

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Compare and contrast the structure and function of skeletal and cardiac muscles.

• Both are involuntary, but skeletal muscles are striated while cardiac muscles are not.

• Both are striated, but skeletal muscles are voluntary while cardiac muscles are involuntary.

• Both are voluntary, but cardiac muscles are striated while skeletal muscles are not.

• Both are non-striated, but skeletal muscles are voluntary while cardiac muscles are involuntary.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Explain the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.

• Actin filaments slide over myosin filaments, shortening the sarcomere and causing muscle contraction.

• Myosin filaments slide over actin filaments, lengthening the sarcomere and causing muscle relaxation.

• Actin and myosin filaments remain stationary, and the sarcomere changes length.

• Myosin filaments dissolve, allowing actin filaments to contract.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which joint movement is characterized by decreasing the angle between two bones?

• Extension

• Flexion

• Abduction

• Rotation

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DOK Level 1: Recall