U2 Summative Review

How did the structure of the Articles of Confederation reflect the colonists' fears of centralized authority?

• By creating a strong national military

• By giving all power to the executive

• By ensuring that most power remained with state governments

• By creating a system of checks and balances

How did Shay’s Rebellion contribute to the call for a new Constitution?

• It showed the national government’s strength in responding to crises

• It showed the need for a stronger central government to promote the general welfare

• It promoted state sovereignty over national unity

• It led to more power for local governments

What were the long-term effects of the weak executive branch under the Articles of Confederation?

• It led to effective national governance

• The inability to address National issues led to the Constitutional Convention

• It unified the states under a strong central leader

• It led to calls for an even weaker federal government

In what way did the Northwest Ordinance influence the slavery debate in the United States?

• It legalized slavery in the Northwest Territory

• It allowed states to decide on slavery for themselves

• It prohibited slavery in the Northwest Territory

• It banned slavery in all states

How did the lack of a national judiciary affect the government under the Articles of Confederation?

• It strengthened the executive branch

• It created conflicts between states with no resolution

• It increased the power of state courts

• It allowed for swift federal law enforcement

How does the veto power reflect the principle of checks and balances?

• It allows the president to prevent Congress from passing harmful laws

• It gives the executive branch the ability to review judicial rulings

• It lets Congress control the actions of the president

• It limits the Supreme Court’s influence on Congress

How did Federalists argue that the separation of powers would protect individual liberty?

• By dividing authority between branches to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power

• By giving the president absolute control over Congress

• By removing the role of the judiciary

• By weakening the legislative branch

How do these Federalist Papers texts describe the balance of power in the U.S. Constitution?

"The proposed Constitution, therefore, is, in strictness, neither a national nor a federal Constitution; but a composition of both." - (Federalist No. 39 - James Madison)

"The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite." - (Federalist No. 45 - James Madison)

• It concentrates all power in the federal government.

• It gives states more authority than the national government.

• It divides power between the national government and the states.

• It creates a direct democracy instead of a republic.

Which of the following is NOT an element of a republican form of government?

• Majority Rule Democracy for all political decisions

• Elected Representatives

• Rule of Law

• Limited Government

Which Amendment in the Bill of Rights IS NOT concerned with due-process of law?

• 3rd Amendment

• 4th Amendment

• 5th Amendment

• 6th Amendment