3B Early Republic

A term used to describe a big change in American politics = the presidential election when Thomas Jefferson won; This marked a significant shift because it was the first peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another, showing that the country could change leaders without violence, contrary to popular beliefs.

• Revolution of 1800
• Election of 1796
• Corrupt Bargain
• Peaceful Presidency

This case established the power of "judicial review," which means the Supreme Court can decide if a law is okay according to the Constitution. It made the courts a more equal player in the U.S. government's system of checks and balances.

• Embargo Act (1807)
• Treaty of Ghent
• Marbury v. Madison
• Tinker v. Des Moines

Power of the courts to decide if a law or government action is allowed by the Constitution; they will rule something constitutional (allowable) or unconstitutional (not allowable); this power helps keep the government in line with the country's most important laws.

• American System
• Nullification
• Judicial Review
• Democratization

This court made many important decisions that shaped the role of the federal government and the power of the courts in the United States; known for strengthening the authority of the federal government

• Washington Court
• Marbury v. Madison
• Hartford Convention
• Marshall Court

A real estate deal in 1803 when the United States bought a massive piece of land from France (west of the Mississippi River to Pacific Ocean) and doubled the size of the country; gave the U.S. a lot more space to grow, explore, and settle

• Annexation of Texas
• Louisiana Purchase
• War of 1812
• Missouri Compromise

Early American explorers and adventurers who led a famous expedition to explore the western part of the United States, sent by President Jefferson to find a route to the Pacific Ocean, study the plants and animals, and learn about the Native American tribes in the area.

• Marbury & Madison
• Hamilton & Burr
• Andrew & Jackson
• Lewis & Clark

A trade timeout for the United States in 1807 = law that said the U.S. couldn't trade with other countries, like Europe, to protect American interests, but it ended up hurting the U.S. economy and causing problems for American businesses; ultimately it was so unpopular, it got repealed.

• Marbury v. Madison
• Embargo Act (1807)
• Alien & Sedition Acts
• Act Prohibiting the Importation of Slaves (1808)

A law passed in the United States which outlawed the practice of bringing enslaved people into the country from other places; marked the end of the international slave trade in the United States; it did not address the domestic slave trade, which will continue until the American Civil War.

• Alien and Sedition Acts
• Act Prohibiting the Importation of Slaves (1808)
• Act Banning the Domestic Transport of Slaves (1810)
• American System Acts