Quiz on Sampling in Statistics

What is the main purpose of sampling in statistics?

• To collect data from every unit of the population

• To eliminate the need for statistical inference

• To generalize results from a small number of subjects

• To conduct a complete census

Answer explanation

The main purpose of sampling in statistics is to generalize results from a small number of subjects to the larger population, allowing for efficient data collection and analysis without needing to survey every unit.

What is a population in the context of statistical inquiry?

• All items that fall within the scope of inquiry

• A sample taken from a larger group

• The results obtained from a census

• A small group of subjects selected for study

Answer explanation

In statistical inquiry, a population refers to all items that fall within the scope of the study. This encompasses every individual or item that is relevant to the research question, making it the correct choice.

What is a census inquiry?

• A way to generalize results from a sample

• A technique to reduce costs in research

• A complete enumeration of all items in a population

• A method of sampling a few items

Answer explanation

A census inquiry refers to a complete enumeration of all items in a population, ensuring that every individual or item is counted, unlike sampling methods that only assess a portion.

Which of the following is a merit of census study?

• It requires less time and energy

• It is less costly than sampling

• It provides data from every unit

• It is applicable in infinite populations

Answer explanation

The merit of a census study is that it provides data from every unit in the population, ensuring comprehensive coverage and accuracy. This distinguishes it from sampling, which only collects data from a subset.

What is a sample in statistical terms?

• A method of collecting data from every unit

• A complete enumeration of a population

• A small proportion of a population selected for analysis

• The entire population under study

Answer explanation

In statistical terms, a sample refers to a small proportion of a population selected for analysis. This allows researchers to make inferences about the entire population without needing to study every individual.

What is the process of selecting a sample called?

• Population analysis

• Census technique

• Sampling technique

• Statistical inference

Answer explanation

The process of selecting a sample from a larger population is called the sampling technique. This method is essential for conducting surveys and experiments, allowing researchers to draw conclusions about the whole population based on the sample.

Which of the following is a demerit of the sample method?

• It can provide more detailed information

• It is applicable in infinite populations

• Representative samples can be difficult to obtain

• It saves time and reduces costs

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights a demerit of the sample method: obtaining representative samples can be challenging, which may lead to biased results. This contrasts with the other options that describe advantages.

What is one of the essentials of sampling?

• Cost-effectiveness

• Homogeneity

• Large sample size

• Random selection

Answer explanation

Homogeneity is essential in sampling as it ensures that the sample represents a similar population, reducing variability and bias. This allows for more accurate and reliable results in research.

Which of the following is NOT a step in sample design?

• Sampling unit

• Type of universe

• Size of sample

• Data analysis

Answer explanation

Data analysis is not a step in sample design; it occurs after the sample has been collected. The other options—sampling unit, type of universe, and size of sample—are all essential components of the sample design process.

What is a key advantage of using a sample method?

• It guarantees accurate results

• It is less time-consuming

• It eliminates personal bias

• It requires a larger sample size

Answer explanation

A key advantage of using a sample method is that it is less time-consuming compared to analyzing an entire population. This efficiency allows researchers to gather insights more quickly while still obtaining useful data.