Thermal Energy and States of Matter Test Review

Which picture most likely shows particles that are in a solid state?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which of the following depend(s) on the kinetic energies of an object's particles?

• both temperature and thermal energy

• thermal energy but not temperature

• temperature but not thermal energy

• neither temperature nor thermal energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A scientist has a container filled with carbon dioxide gas. The particles of this gas are far apart, moving quickly, and bouncing off the container walls. Then the particles slow down and collect at the bottom of the container, such that they are close together and vibrating in a rigid structure. What caused this change?

• The particles settled over time.

• The container was opened.

• The temperature increased.

• The temperature decreased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Bob adds heat to a liquid substance. When enough heat is added,

• its particles move farther apart and the substance becomes a solid.

• its particles move closer together and the substance becomes a solid.

• its particles move farther apart and the substance becomes a gas.

• its particles move closer together and the substance becomes a gas.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Heat is defined as

• the sum total of all the kinetic energy of the particles within an object.

• the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up an object.

• the amount of thermal energy transferred from one object to another.

• the energy stored in an object due to the position of its particles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

When matter is heated, particles within the matter will

• produce sounds.

• change colors.

• change into different types of particles.

• speed up.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Melissa has a beaker of water. She adds heat energy to the water by placing the beaker over the flame of a Bunsen burner. What happens to the motion of the water particles as Melissa adds heat energy to the water?

• The water particles stop moving.

• The water particles move slower.

• The water particles move faster.

• The motion of the water particles does not change.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The arrows in the image below represent the processes that occur as water goes through phase changes. How is water different after changing from a gas to a liquid through process 2?

• The water takes up more space.

• The water is warmer.

• The water particles move slower.

• The water particles are spread farther apart.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Jade is in her bedroom. She can smell food that is being cooked in the kitchen. Why can Jade smell food that is in another room?

• There is not any matter in air, so smells stay in place.

• Gases are made of matter that stays in one place.

• There are no particles in air, so it easy for smells to travel.

• Gases are made of particles that move around freely in space.

Nitrogen has a melting point of -210.0°C and a boiling point of -195.8°C. A sample of nitrogen is heated from -215.0°C to -200.0°C. Which of the following best describes what happens to the nitrogen atoms during this transition?

• They gain so much energy that the attractive forces between them have no effect on their motion.

• They gain enough energy to move relative to one another.

• They lose enough energy to be held in a permanent location.

• The attractive forces between them decrease, allowing the atoms to move relative to one another.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4